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Isomerism - Coggle Diagram
Isomerism
Isomerism is the existence of molecules that have the same numbers of the same kinds of atoms and hence the same formula but differ in chemical and physical properties.
Types
Sterio-isomerism
Optical Isomerism
Optical isomers are two compounds which contain the same number and kinds of atoms but which have non-superimposable mirror images. Each such structure is called an enantiomer.
Geometric Isomerism
Geometric isomerism, also called cis-trans isomerism, occurs when atoms cannot freely rotate due to a rigid structure. in the cis isomer, similar groups are on the same side whereas in the trans isomer, similar groups are on opposite sides
Stereoisomers are isomers that have the same composition but that differ in the orientation of their atoms in space.
Structural Isomerism
Metamerism
Metamers have the same molecular formula but different alkyl groups on two sides of functional groups
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Position Isomerism
The basic carbon skeleton remains unchanged, but functional groups are moved around on that skeleton
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