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Transition Elements - Coggle Diagram
Transition Elements
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History
The most abundant transition metal in Earth’s solid crust is iron, which is fourth among all elements and second (to aluminium) among metals in crustal abundance.
Four of the regular transition metals were known to the ancients: iron, copper, silver and gold.
Their chemical symbols (Fe, Cu, Ag, Au), in fact, are derived from their alchemical (Latin) names rather than their contemporary names.
The other regular transition metals were discovered (or recognized as elements) after the early 18th century.
The transition metal most recently discovered in nature is rhenium (atomic number 75), which in 1925 was detected in platinum ores and in the niobium mineral columbite.
Basic Definition
Transition elements are those elements on the Periodic Table that have their valence electrons in two shells instead of one.
These elements, especially the metals, have different properties from other metals like we see in Group 1 and even Group 2 of the Periodic Table.
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Transition, in itself, does not have a chemical significance, but the name is given due to their position on the periodic table and the properties of their valence electrons.
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Properties
Transition metals have different properties than other metals, like:
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• They form very different, brightly coloured compounds.
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• Do not react with water and oxygen, hence they corrode very slowly.
• They may have different oxidation states (Copper and Iron both have at least 2 different oxidation states).
• They form very complicated ions which have very high oxidation states (chromium can have an oxidation state of +6 and manganese can have one of +7).
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