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Wastewater Treatment in India - Coggle Diagram
Wastewater Treatment in India
What is Wastewater?
Leachate
Return flow
Cooling water from power plants
Surface runoff
Industrial wastewater
Urban runoff
Domestic Sewage
Agricultural wastewater
Benefits of treating wastewater
Environmental Benefits
Ecosystem health
Irrigation
Reduce global warming
Agricultural nutrients
Economic Benefits
Tourism
Employment generation
Energy resource of dissolved nutrients
Business applications
Issues in wastewater treatment
Inadequate staff
Sludge Disposal
Lack of funds
Skewed distribution
Lack of capacity over generation
Major issue: Reuse of sewage
Statewise disparity
Low proportion of re-use
Various policy initiatives
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 : Amended in 2003
Affix meters for the purpose of assessing the quantity of water
Levy and collection of a cess on water consumed by person carrying on certain industries and by local authorities
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974: Amended in 1988
Establishment of boards for the control of water pollution
Prevention and control of water pollution
Best Practices
Sewage-fed aquaculture system of Kolkata
Zero liquid discharge in textile industry in Tirupur
Avadi Sewage Treatment Plant, Chennai
Way forward
Raise funds through taxation and penalties
Hybrid approach of centralized as well as decentralized planning
Effective legal and policy framework for improved management