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Chapter 9: Democracy in America, henry clay, missouri compromise, panic of…

- - - - The candidates consisted of John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson with Adams being the winner and declared as the next president of the United States as declared by the House of Representatives.
    - - Nativism
        
        The revival or perpetuation of an indigenous culture especially in opposition to acculturation.
        
        A policy of favoring native inhabitants as opposed to immigrants.
      - New laws were adopted by white men that made racial discrimination the basis of American democracy due to their fear of black men going in large numbers to voting polls.
  - - - John Tyler
        
        Born on March 29, 1790 and died on January 18, 1862 in Richmond, Virginia, he was the 10th president of the United States, serving from 1841-1845. He took office upon the death of President William Henry Harrison. He functioned as a political independent as a result of him being rejected in office by both the Democratic Party and the Whig Party.
      - Whig Party
        
        A political party active in the middle of the 19th century in the U.S. It was founded by Henry Clay in 1833 and ceased operations in 1854. The Whigs favored an activist economic program known as the American System, which called for a protective tariff, federal subsidies for the construction of infrastructure, and support for a national bank.
        
        Freemasonry
        
        Fraternal organizations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients.
- - - - Missouri Compromise
        
        A measure/agreement worked out between the Northern states and the Southern states that was passed by the U.S. Congress in 1820. It admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. It also marked the beginning of the prolonged sectional conflict over the extension of slavery that led to the American Civil War.
      - Born on April 12, 1777 and died on June 29, 1852, he was an American statesman, U.S. congressman, and U.S. senator who was noted for his American System (which integrated a national bank, the tariff, and internal improvements to promote economic stability and prosperity) and was a major promoter of the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, which were both efforts to protect the American union from sectional discord over slavery.
- - - - A political scandal involving members of President Andrew Jackson's Cabinet and their wives, from 1829-1831.
    - - A treaty between the U.S. and Spain in 1819 that ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain.
    - - A conflict between the U.S. state of South Carolina and the U.S. federal government from 1832-1833 over the former's attempt to declare null and void within the state the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832.
- - - - A financial crisis in the U.S. that touched off a major depression, which lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices, and wages went down, Westward expansion was stalled, unemployment went up, and pessimism abounded. The panic had both domestic and foreign origins.