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Oxygenation/Perfusion: Hypovolemic Shock - Coggle Diagram
Oxygenation/Perfusion: Hypovolemic Shock
Signs and Symptoms
Tachycardia
Peripheral vasoconstriction
Altered blood pressures
Thirst
Oliguria
Altered mental status
Metabolic acidosis
Risk Factors
Burns
Vomiting
Severe GI loss
Diuretic use
Trauma
Acute pancreatitis
Alcohol use
Dehydration
Labs
Creatinine
Blood Urea Nitrogen
Arterial Blood Gases
Serum Na, K
RBC Count
Platelet Count
Collaborative Treatments
Replace fluids - IV
Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if necessary
Locate source and control source of loss
Maintain temperature
Monitor HR, BP, CO, CVP, and SVR
Supply oxygen and maintain airway
Listen to heart and lung sounds
Monitor circulation or vitals
Complications
Death!!!
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
DIC
Multiple organ failure
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
Acute kidney injury
Coma
Pathogenesis
Intravascular loss - There is a massive loss of fluids - blood, plasma, water, and/or ECF through means such as a large surface area burn, excessive diuresis, hemorrhaging, and GI loss.
Approximately 15% - 20% of circulating blood volume is loss acutely. The loss of volume returned to the heart decreases ventricular filling.
As stroke volume falls, sympathetic effects are initiated to maintain arterial pressure, increase HR, and vasoconstrict the blood vessels.
Vasoconstriction increases systemic vascular resistance and with further progression of decreased CO.
Portions of the body do not receive blood from the severely vasoconstricted blood vessels.
This leads to cell death and injury