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Skeletal System-Delia Ocampo P.2 - Coggle Diagram
Skeletal System-Delia Ocampo P.2
Names of all the bones
Skull-including the jaw bone
Spine-cervical,thoracic,and lumbar vertebrae,sacrum and tailbones(coccyx)
Chest-ribs and breastbone(sternum)
Arms-shoulder blade(scapula),collar bone(clavicle),humerus,radius and ulna
Hands- wrist bones(carpals),metacarpals and phalanges
Pelvis-hip bones
Legs- thigh bone-(femur),kneecap(patella),shin bone(tibia) and fibula
Feet-tarsals,metatarsals and phalanges
Types of bones
Long bone-Has a long thin shape(ex.include bones of the arms and legs & it excludes the wrist,ankles and kneecaps).
Short Bone-has a squat,cubed shaped (ex.includes the bones that make up the wrists and ankles).
Flat bone- has a flattened,broad surface(ex.include ribs,shoulder blades,breast bones &skull bones
Irregular bone- has a shape that does not conform to the above three types. Ex) includes the bones of the spine(vertebrae)
Anatomy of the long bone
The long bone has a shaft and 2 ends and it is longer and wider. They have a thick outside layer of compact bone and an inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow.Then the ends of the long bone contains spongy bone and an epiphyseal line.
Bone remodeling
It is the process of resorption followed by the replacement of bone with limited change in shape. Bone tissue is removed by osteoclasts, and then new bone tissue is formed by osteoblasts.
Bone fracture repair
There are 4 steps to bone fracture repair: 1)the formation of the hematoma at the break 2)the formation of a fibrocartilaginous callus 3)the formation of bony callus 4)remodeling and addition of compact bone
Joints & examples
Synovial Joints
Allows us the free movement to perform skills and techniques during physical activity.
Fibrous Joints
These Joints allows very little movement and are often referred to as synarthroses.
Cartilaginous Joints
A type of joint where the bones are entirely joined by cartilage,either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage and these allow more movement than fibrous Joints but less than Synovial Joints.
Differences between male and female skeleton
The difference between them is that female skeleton is usually much smoother and less knobby and a male skeleton is usually thicker,rougher and more bumpy since males have larger muscles and there skeletons require stronger attachment site.
Disorders
Osteoporosis-the loss of bone mass and density which makes your bones easily susceptible to breaks or fractures.
Pagets Disease-This causes new bone tissue to grow too rapidly which causes bones to become misshapen or fragile
Rickets-A bone disease that affects children and is the weakening of bones caused by a vitamin D deficiency.
Hip Dysplasia-This can cause hips to easily dislocate and it makes the tissues erode and bone will be resting on bone.
Movements allowed by Synovial Joints
Synovial Joints allows bones to slide past each other or rotate around each other. The movements are abduction(away),adduction(towards),extension(open),flexion(close) and rotation.