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04 Skeletal - Coggle Diagram
04 Skeletal
Bones
Skull
- Parietal bone, orbital bone, frontal, nasal, mandible, maxilla, temporal, lacrimal, ethmoid
Shoulders
- clavicles, scapulae, humerous
Torso
- true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs, xiphoid process, sternum, coastal margin
Arms
- radius, carpals, ulna, humerus
Legs
- femur, fibula, tibula, patella,
Pelvic
- sacrum, illium, coccyx, pubis, ishium, Acetabulum
Spine
- cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
Feet
- phalanges, talus, metatarsals, calceneus
Disorders
Greenstick - incomplete, occurs on convex surface of the bend
Fissured - incomplete longitudinal break
Communited - complete fracture, fragments bone
Transverse - complete fracture, right angle to axis of bone
Spiral - caused by excessive twisting of bone
Oblique - occurs at angle other than right angle
Types of Bones
Long bones - long, expanded ex: arms & legs
Short Bone - equal in length & width ex: wrist, ankles
Flat Bone - plate like shape with broad surface
Irregular Bone - varied shape; vertebrae ex: facial bones
Sesamoid - small, nodular, develop in tendon ex: patella
Joints
Synarthroses (immovable)
Amphiarthroses (slightly movable)
Diarthroses (freely moveable)
Difference between Male and Female
Male Pelvic Region - narrow, more compact; inlet = heart shaped; pubic arch is less than 90 degrees
Female Pelvic Region - wider, larger, broader; inlet = oval shape; pubic arch is greater than 90 degrees
Anatomy of the Long Bone
Structure
compact bone - makes up wall of diaphysis
cancellous - flls up epiphysis
spongy bone- consist of trabeculae
Bone Remodeling
osteoclasts resorb, osteoblasts deposit; remodeling is controlled by hormones
Movements allowed by Synovial Joints
Rationale movement - movement of bone when rotating around the longitudinal axis
Bone Fracture Repair
Connective Tissue Replacement
intramembranous bones - originate with layers of tissue (connective)
Endochondral bones - form from hyaline cartilage model formation of bone from connective tissue