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Schema Theory! - Coggle Diagram
Schema Theory!
Strengths
Empirical evidence: biological research supports the theory (see Mahan in 2009 - found that living and non-living objects information go to different parts of the visual cortex)
Applications: abnormal psychology, relationships, and health psychology.
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Definitions
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Person schemas focus on someones appearance, behavior, preferences and personality
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Limitations
Not yet entirely clear how schemas are acquired in the first place or the exact way they influence cognitive processes.
It has also been argued that schema theory cannot account for why schema-inconsistent information is sometimes recalled.
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Researchers:
Frederic Bartlett (1932)
Developer of the theory; states that the cognitive approach is determined by cultural and social factors
Study: he read a Native American Story to British participants and found that as they repeated it (using repeated and serial reproduction), the story got shorter and more consistent with their personal background.
Marvin Minsky (1970s)
Frame theory
He believed that when giving out information, there would be generic slots gained from the world that would fill out.
proposition: data structure used to divide knowledge into substructures by representing every-day situations by collecting attributes and their values in the world.
Vocabulary
Assimilation:the cognitive process of making new information fit in with your existing understanding of the world
The cognitive process of making new information fit in with your existing understanding of the world
Script:cognitive schematic structure—a mental road map—containing the basic actions (and their temporal and causal relations) that comprise a complex action
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