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Different Philosophical Definition of the Self - Coggle Diagram
Different Philosophical Definition of the Self
Socrates
The unexamined life is not worth living.
Believed that every human is composed of body and soul.
Living a good life means having the wisdom to distinguish what is right from wrong.
Rene Descartes
One that cannot be doubted is the existence of the self.
Body is nothing else but the machine attached to the mind.
"cogito ergo sum" which translated into "I think therefore, I am" or "I doubt before I exist".
St. Augustine
Man can only attain true happiness by recognizing the love of the Supreme Being or the Divine.
Without God, human being alone are bound to be failed.
The development of the self is achieved through self-presentation and self-realization.
Gilbert Ryle
"Concept of the Mind" which was started as the stern critique of Descartes' of the mind and body.
"I" will never be found because it is just a ghost in the machine.
Mind is nothing but a disposition of the self.
Mind is never separate from the body.
Merleau- Ponty
The mind and body are so intertwined and they cannot be separated from one another.
He stated that the living body, his thought, emotions, and experiences are all one.
One cannot find experience that is not an embodied experience.
Three dimensions of phenomenological rhythm:
-empiricist take on perception.
-idealist-intellectual alternatives.
-synthesis of both positions.
Sigmund Freud
Complexity of the self.
Proposed two models
Topographical Model
An individual person may not know or do not know certain things at the same time.
Divide the "I" into conscious and the unconscious which he calls the censorship so that the conscious will be left in its own.
Structural Mode
Superego
- synthesizes the morals, values, and systems in society in order to function as the control outputs of the instinctive desires of the id.
Id
- known as the primitive or instinctive component.
Ego
- described as the part of the id which has been modified by the direct influenced by the external world.
Immanuel Kant
Without the self, an individual cannot organize the different impressions that one gets in relation to his own existence.
Self is not just what gives on his personality but also the seat of knowledge acquisition for all human person.
Apparatuses of mind
-mind that organizes the impressions that men get from the external world.
-ideas that cannot find in the world, but is built in our minds.
David Hume
There is no self.
There cannot be idea of the self.
As long as we derived our knowledge from sense of impressions, there will be no "self".
John Locke
The self is comparable to an empty space.
Experience then through the process of reflection and analysis becomes a sense of perception.
Validity of perception is very subjective. It changes from one person to another.
Individual person not only capable of learning from experiences but also skillful to process different perceptions from various experiences.
Plato
Proposed philosophy about the self was designed by starting on the examination of the self as a unique experience.
"Psyche" means the experience then will eventually better understand the core of the self. It is composed of three elements.
Appetitive element
- desires, pleasures, physical satisfactions, comforts and etc.
Spirited element
- the feeling of excitement when given challenges or fight backs when agitated.
Mind
- hot-blooded part of the psyche or most superior to all elements.
Nous
-the conscious awareness of the self.