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Gerunds (base verb + ing) - Coggle Diagram
Gerunds (base verb + ing)
General
Functions as a noun NOT a verb
Don't confuse gerunds with progressive tense, adjectives, past participles
I am
making
friends at work (progressive)
Mary is enrolled in a
cooking
class (adjective)
Forms
Making generalizations
Simple/Present: base verb +ing
Eating
a good diet is important
to show an action that occurred before the action of the main verb
Past: having + pp
Having met
Jane in my first week of college,
helped
me throughout the rest of my college career.
Irregular spelling rules apply
List of spelling rules
Function as:
Subjects:
doer of action
Gardening
is one of my hobbies.
Subject complements:
additional info about subject
Star Wars is a movie worth
seeing
Objects:
receiver of action
I (subj) like (action)
playing
(object) soccer
Object complements:
provide additional info about object
Mary has trouble (object)
making
(object complement) new friends
Subj has/have trouble word-ing + object + rest of sentence
Objects of Preposition
: noun that follows prepositions (in, of, without) and give it meaning
main verb + preposition + gerund
They
insisted on giving
us a present
adjective + preposition + gerund
She's
good at making
friends
Passive
Present
being + pp
She hates
being ignored
Past
having + been + pp
She's still angry about
having been ignored
Possessive Gerunds
Formal:
Use possessive noun (John's) or possessive pronoun (his, her) before a gerund to show possession
Pete's dominating
every conversation bothers me
His dominating
every conversation bothers me.
Informal
Use noun or object pronoun before a gerund
I don't like
Pete dominating
every conversation
I don't like
him dominating
every conversation
I don't like drivers forgetting to signal/passing me/cutting me off
pronouns
Possessive
mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs
object
me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them