Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Microbiology Pt.3 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Wash the wound (soap and water - no need to bleed)
      - Cover with an adhesive bandage
      - report/Identify the source
    - - ○ HCW with evidence of previous immunity = no follow up
        ○ Non-immunized individuals require immunization and follow-up
    - - ○ HCW potentially at risk require baseline follow-up testing for Hep C, advised of symptims and seeking medical advice if displayed
    - - Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) following potential exposure to HIV
      - ▪ Includes: first aid, counselling, risk assessment, and testing
        ▪ A 28- day course is required
- - - - Contaminats
      - Packaging and loading
      - Cleaning
        
        Items must be visibly clear of bioburden or they cannot be sterilized
      - Door Sealing
    - - Hollow Items
        
        Surgical suction tips/tubing, handpieces
      - Porous Items
        
        Can hold moisture
        
        Linen drapes, paks of gauze, cotton rolls or cotton pellets
    - - N Cycle
        
        = Nothing hollow, nothing wrapped
        
        No drying cycle
        
        Passive = uses gravity/displacement cycle for air removal
        
        ex. Dental prosthetic instruments or solid unwrapped items
      - S cycle
        
        = Specified
        
        Active = air removed using an external generator
        
        Must be used to manufacture specifications
      - Pre-Vaccum Sterilizers
        
        Air is removed by a vaccum pump in multiple pulses
        
        Air removal for Items Requires testing
        
        Porous Items
        
        Bowie-Dick Test
        
        B class cycle for porous items
        
        A pass test will see a even colour change across the Bowie Dick test card
        
        Ex. Cotton rolls, gauze and wool
        
        Class 2 chemical indicators = laminated material w/ colour sensitive dye
        
        Hollow-Items
        
        Helix PCD
        
        B class cycle for hollow -items
        
        Chemical indicator class 2 strip = located at the closed end of a device, it must have an even colour change across its length
      - nb: Prion Cycles - 18min cycle due to the prion outbreak in UK, not needed in AUS/NZ
  - - - Collected each cycle as data spreads
        
        ex. Date, Time, Cycle Type/No.
        
        ex. Temp/Pressure/Holding time
    - - Placed in each load as assurance that the items have been processed
        
        Class 1
        
        OUTSIDEin lable as a dye, indicator tape = Process Indicator
        
        Class 4, 5 or 6
        
        INSIDE the item = can transition in colour, vary in accuracy
        
        nb: Class 4 accuracy for 2 degrees, Class 5 for 1 degrees
    - - Special loads to verify that correct parameters have been used for wrapped items for validation
    - - Dependent on storage conditions = may compromise packaging, ie poor ventilation, dust, moist or humid, can be torn or perforated
- - - - Photothermal effects
        
        Lazers, generate bubbles in water for endodontics/implant cleaning for cleaning
  - - - Alcohol based-hand rubs
        
        Best for hand hygiene practices
        
        Rapid and effective antimicrobial use
        
        Improved skin condition (w/ moisturizers)
        
        Reduced cots
        
        Limitations
        
        Cannot be used when hands are visible soiled (need soap)
        
        Do not inactive norovirus (present in elderly homes
        
        Store away from children's or open flames
    - - Can take versitlie load types
      - Good for flexible and plastic items
      - Items completely safe after treatment
- - - - Oxidants
        
        Hypochlorite's, Peroxides, Ozonation
      - Silver or Iodine
    - - Installation
        
        Sterile Water Supply
        
        Ultrafiltration
        
        Ozination
        
        Ozonated water at ORP 600mV and above is antimicrobial
        
        Ozone attacks unsaturated bonds, forming aldehydes, ketones or carbonyl compounds
      - Existing Chairs
        
        Chemical Dosing of reticulated water
        
        Additives
        
        Alpron = 100% reduction in biofilms (chloramine T and EDTA)
        
        Automatic dosing systems (e.g Sirona) w/ additives
        
        Peroxide
        
        8% HP in KaVo Oxygenal6
        
        Can be tested w/ commercial test strips
        
        Silver
        
        Ex. ICX = Slow release, long acting disinfectatnt
        
        Inhibits growth of biofilm = does not remove biofilm
        
        Iodine Releasing Straws
        
        4-6ppm over a 1 year period
        
        Dentapure = 1 year treatment (low conc. and low maintence)
      - Independant Bottle Water Systems
        
        Bottle-handling system = left to dry overnight/ or left connected with a chemical agent
        
        nb: poor bottle hygiene is causes development of biofilms in DUWLs
      - Shock Treatments
        
        clears deposits and bacterial contamination from DUWLs
        
        hock the waterlines whenever test results indicate a bacteria level greater than 200 CFU/ mL
        
        After a shock treatment, flush the agent out and continue normal chemical treatments, then re test levels of microorganisms
        
        ex. Bilpron - LA, hibernation (for Long weekends/holidays)
        
        Bilpron (periodic shock tx) and partnered w/ Alpron (regularly daily use)