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United Nations - Coggle Diagram
United Nations
Structure of the organization
António Guterres, the ninth Secretary-General of the United Nations, took office on 1st January 2017.
GENERAL UN ASSEMBLY: 193 countries are members each country has one vote
P5:
UN security council: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States are all permanent members
The economic and social council: coordinates the economic and social work of the United Nations and the UN family of organizations. They consult with non-governmental organizations (NGOs). They have 54 members, elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms. They meet and discuss major economic, social, and humanitarian issues.
https://www.un.org/en/model-united-nations/international-court-justice
The international court of justice is the main judicial organ of the UN. The court's role is to settle, according to the international law, legal disputes submitted to it by States and to give advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.
UN Funds, Programmes, and Specialized Agencies:
link to www.google.com
the Trusteeship Council: examine and discuss reports from the Administering Authority on the political, economic, social and educational advancement of the peoples of Trust Territories
Aims and practice of the organization
THE UN HAS 4 MAIN PURPOSES:
To keep peace throughout the world.
To develop friendly relations among nations.
To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other’s rights and freedoms.
To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals.
The UN aims are all placed in the UN charter is the founding document of the United Nations. It was signed on 26 June 1945, in San Francisco
The purposes and aims written got amended three times in 1963, 1965, and 1973.
Practices of the organization: The practices are mentioned in the charter article 30. They practice their work in many different ways.
:
FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization
IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development
ILO: International Labour Organization
IMF: International Monetary Fund
IMO: International Maritime Organization
ITU: International Telecommunication Union
UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNWTO: World Tourism Organization
UPU: Universal Postal Union
WHO: World Health Organization
WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization
WMO: World Meteorological Organization
World Bank Group
Since 1948, the UN has helped put an end to many conflicts and reuniting by conducting successful peacekeeping operations in many countries, like Cambodia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mozambique, Namibia and Tajikistan.
Case studies:
Development: The south-south collaboration for REDD+, it was an environmental development the purpose of this study was to create the conditions under which Mozambique is able to embark on the implementation of a REDD initiative. The project was divided into four main areas;
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/blog/2016/06/case-study-south-south-collaboration-for-redd/
The development of a process towards National REDD Strategy – including a national multi-stakeholder dialogue, the strengthening of institutional capacity and pilot demonstration projects.
Discussion about how to implement policies and measures proposed in the National REDD Strategy
Development of viability studies for pilot mechanisms for payments for environmental services and public policies related to REDD
Dissemination of experiences of the South-South REDD collaboration between Mozambique and Brazil.
Human Rights
AID: The UN has announced a $383 million Emergency Response Plan (ERP) for Lebanon to provide critical life-saving assistance and protection to some 1.1 million citizens and migrants over the next 12 months.
https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/10/1101962
Unicef: UNICEF works in over 190 countries and territories to save children's lives, to defend their rights, and to help them fulfil their potential. For example, UNICEF has been on the ground in Afghanistan for 65 years with offices nationwide and a range of partners that support us in delivering life-saving assistance to the most vulnerable, especially children. UNICEF is supporting mobile health and nutrition teams in camps for internally displaced persons
https://www.unicef.org/emergencies/delivering-support-afghanistans-children
Peace and security:
The UN was established for peace and security in 1945 after WW2. The UN has interfered in many conflicts to maintain peace. For example: The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) support political processes in that country and carry out a number of security-related tasks. They work to support the transitional authorities of Mali in the stabilization of the country and implementation of the transitional roadmap.
https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/mission/minusma
Limitations:
Sometimes, governments don't accept the help. For example: the Ethiopian Government declared seven UN staff persona non grata, ordering them to leave the country within 72 hours.
Sometimes the UN cant provide and fulfill their goals: More than 14,500 UN peacekeeping officers deployed in the country have failed to prevent the humanitarian crisis in South Sudan. The conflict has forced 2.5 million people to flee the country and left another 1.8 million people displaced within South Sudan. Nearly five million people are also facing severe food insecurity.
Effects of the organization
Development
The UN is helping to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities and build resilience so countries can sustain progress.
Human rights
The UN encourages respect for the law and protection of human rights in many ways. For example, the State-driven process provides an opportunity for each State to announce what actions they have taken to improve the human rights situations in their countries and to fulfil their human rights obligations.
Peace and security
The UN achieves this by working to prevent conflict, helping parties in conflict make peace, deploying peacekeepers, and creating the conditions to allow peace to hold and flourish. Examples: live free from violence, right to privacy, right to education