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Production methods, ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, ADVANTAGES,…
Production methods
Batch production
Similar products are made in batches using more capital intensive methods or more specialized machinery
Batch production would consider products such as baked goods, clothing, computer chips etc. IKEA is one of the most well known companies that use batch production.
A lot of leftover storage and inventory remaining at the end of the year
Resources may be wasted
labor may be less motivated as jobs are more repetitive
time may be lost to repair defects or start and stop/reprogram machinery
Economies of scale can be reached
Can charge higher prices as products are not completely standardized and can still meet customer needs
increased output due to machinery working 24/7 and lower average costs
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Flow production
Products are made continuously and are standardized - output is prioritized rather than customer demand
The most common example of companies using flow production is Coca-Cola. They use flow production to create sodas in one continuous production line.
Machines can work 24/7, but still produce higher output, leading to low unit costs
More likely to experience economies of scale especially as they are capital intensive
Higher output due to increased efficiency
Less need for training as the process relies majorly on machinery and less on skilled labour
Products may be too standardized and have low quality as the exact same product is being made in one process
Capital intensive makes production inflexible as the business cannot stop or start production immediately
mistakes are harder to fix and happen on a larger scale
Tasks are unskilled and repetitive - making workers unmotivated, reducing efficiency
Can be expensive - especially when considering both the costs of machinery as well as costs of mistakes
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