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TUBERCULOSIS "A disease caused by germs spread person to person…
TUBERCULOSIS "A disease caused by germs spread person to person through the air"
RISK FACTORS
When people are in close contact this disease can spread.
People who have underlying health issues which may affect the respiratory system are at risk. This disease can cause death if for example, enters the system of someone who has HIV.
A study shown says that 88% of TB cases reported were racial or ethnic groups.
TB has several risk factors
Around the world, 61% of TB cases were reported in Asia. 26% in Africa. These cases tend to grown in countries which are highly populated.
CAUSES
TB is caused by Airborne/Droplet transmission.
When people are in close contact, the droplets can be spread through the air, or from a surface.
You can only get TB if you come in contact with someone who has it.
Being in places such as Jail/Prison, Hospitals and anywhere else where the disease is present.
SYMPTOMS
Chest pain
Weakness
A cough that lasts longer than 2 weeks. Blood, and other liquids may come up when coughing.
Weight Loss
Night Sweats
Lack of appetite. Patient may not have an appetite to eat anything.
Chills
Fever
Its important to remember that you may have TB, but your body is not showing symptoms of it quite yet.
PREVENTION
There is a vaccine that is used against TB. It's known as the BCG vaccine.
You can also prevent contracting the disease by staying away from anyone who has it, or is showing symptoms.
In hospitals, PPE like masks, hand hygiene and other basic PPE should be worn.
DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS/TEST
Commonly, a doctor will check the lymph nodes for swelling, and then use a stethoscope to listen to the lungs.
Another common diagnosis is though skin test. A substance called tuberculin is injected just under the skin. after 48 to 72 hours, if the skin does show swelling, this means you are likely to have TB.
Blood tests may also be taken to determine if the body is carrying the disease.
Sputum tests may also be taken, which is the mucus that releases when you cough. The mucus is tested for the disease.
TREATMENT OPTIONS
TB is treated mainly the same around the world. A series of antibiotics are given to the patients, which they usually take for a period of 6-12 months. The time can vary depending on the severity of the case.
The name of the most common treatment is isoniazid INH.
Along with others like rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.
Some symptoms of the disease can become extreme. Oxygen may be needed if the patient is unable to breath on their own.
MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
Nurses are highly relevant in caring for people with TB in my opinion. Someone with a more severe case of TB or elderly may need a nurse to come to their home. There they would provide care such as personal hygiene, medications and more. In a hospital setting it would essentially be the same thing.
I also think that pharmacists are essential for someone with TB. Antibiotics and other medication must be taken by someone with TB, and the person who is preparing this is the pharmacy. Without them there, the treatment would not be available.
Another healthcare professional that is most likely going to be part of caring for someone with TB is obviously a physician, but more specifically a pulmonologist. A pulmonologist is a doctors who works on treating patients who have illnesses that are effecting the respiratory system. They are going to diagnose the pateint and begin to give them the proper steps in order for treatment.