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Psychology of Vision - 10/6 - Coggle Diagram
Psychology of Vision - 10/6
Anatomy
of the eye
Retina
contains two types of
photoreceptors
(i.e., specialized light-detecting cells), called
rods
and
cones
Rods
Lack capactiy to distinguish colors
Lack acuity
Specialized for
sensitivity
(ability to see in very dim light)
Concentrated in ring
outside the fovea
Cones
Concentrated
in the fovea
SPecialized for
acuity
(ability to see fine detail)
Specialized for
color perception
Lack sensitivity
Each sensory system has distinct
receptors
and
neural pathways
Sense
Touch
Pain
Taste
Hearing
Smell
Vision
Stimulus
Pressure on the skin
Wide variety of potentially harmful stimuli
Molecules dissolved in fluid on the tongue
Sound waves
Molecules dissolved in fluid on mucous membranes in the nose
Light waves
What is the difference between
sensation
and
perception
?
Sensation
refers to the
basic processes
by which
sensory organs
and the
nervous system
respond to the stimuli in the environment
Perception
refers to the
more complex organizing
of sensory information within the brain and to the
meaningful interpretation
of it
Process of
sensation
Physical stimulus
Physiological response
sensory experience
Sensory systems respond more to changes than to steady states
sensory adaptation
refers to the
change in sensitivity
that occurs when a given set of sensory receptors and neurons are
either
strongly
stimulated
or relatively
unstimulated
for a length of time
Senses are much
more responsive
to
changing stimulation
than to unchanging stimulation
Color Vision Theories
Trichromatic theory
suggests that color vision emerges from the combined activity of
three different
types of
receptors (blue, green, red cones)
, each most
sensitive
to a
different
range of
wavelengths
Opponent-Process Theory
suggest that the
neurons
involved in color vision are
affected in opposite ways
(excited or inhibited) by
complementary wavelengths
How people
perceive color
Objects appear
colored
because their pigments
absorb some wavelengths
from white light and
reflect others
We experience different
wavelengths of light
as different
colors