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Lesson 01 CDC, infectious microorganism, chemical and physical causes -…

- - - - Asymptomatic or passive or healthy carriers
      - Incubatory carriers
      - Convalescent carriers
    - - zoonosis refers to an infectious disease that is transmissible under natural conditions from vertebrate animals
    - - soil
        
        histoplasmosis
      - Water
        
        Legionnaires disease
      - Plants
  - - - Direct contact
      - Droplet spread
    - - Airborne
      - Vehicle borne, Vector borne
- - - - Place - Time - Personal
      - Secular trend (long period of time), cyclic flactuvations (short term seasonal variations -usually an year), periodic trend
      - Possible reasons for changes
        
        Artifacutual
        
        Real
        
        ageing population
        
        imprved diagnostic ability
        
        imprved survival
- - - - RCT
    - - Cohort studies
        
        Follow-up or prospectivecohort studies
        
        Retrospective cohort study
      - Case-control studies
        
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      - Cross-sectional studies
        
        assess the prevalance
- - - - Organism’s pathogenicity
      - Dose
    - - risk factors
    - - Physical factors
      - Biologic factors
      - Socioeconomic factors
  - - - Sufficient cause
      - Component cause
      - Necessary cause
- - - - Epidemic period
      - Day of week and time of day
      - Seasonality
      - Long-term trends
    - - can identify communities at increased risk
    - - Ethnic and racial groups
      - socioeconomic status
      - activities/behavior, medical care
      - acquired characteristics (marital status)
      - biologic characteristics
      - inherent characteristics