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Separation of Powers, Checks & Balances - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Leader of the government and responsible for policy and law making within the government cabinet members. The Prime Minister also oversees the civil service and government agencies
      - Elected through parliament votes from Members of Parliament. Cabinet is then formed by the Elected Prime Minister
      - Note: MP is elected through free and fair elections from the public vote. Prime Minster is voted into power from Members of Parliament. Prime Minister can only rule if he has a majority support from other MP's
    - - Has the authority to pass legislative resolutions in parliament. Plays a role for ceremonial duties and often is a state figurehead rather than national government.
    - - House of Commons
        
        Has the authority to approve a resolution through a vote within parliament
        
        Policies cannot be instated unless received approval from the Head of State where policy is passed to Head of State from the House of Lords
      - House of Lords
        
        Has the Authority to send resolutions passed by the house of commons onto the Head of State. They do not have the authority to deny a resolution but can delay it.
    - - the Queen's Bench
      - the Chancery Division
      - Family Division
      - Supreme Court
- - - - Supreme Court
        
        Has Final Appellate Jurisdiction
      - Circuit courts
        
        Federal Appellate courts
  - - - House of Representative
      - Senate
        
        presided over by the President of the Senate
    - - Supreme Court of Nigeria
      - Court of Appeals
      - High Courts
      - Magistrates Court
      - Sharia Court
      - Customary Court
- - - - The Russian President is the head of state and determines the state affairs both internationally and domestically. He has authority to conduct negotiations and ratify any documents deemed necessary.
    - - The executive of Russia is responsible for the determination of the nations domestic and foreign affairs. They represent Russia's government abroad and is the main governing body. However under certain conditions, the Russian president has the right to dissolve the State Duma (Lower house of parliament)
    - - The State Duma is responsible for passing Federal and Constitutional Laws, Control over the Russian Government and appointment of high ranks in Bank, Judiciary, and other high offices.
    - - District Courts
        
        Criminal Trial Courts
      - Federal Regional Courts
        
        Appellate Courts
        
        Resolve economic disputes
  - - - The president plays a large ceremonial role and has limits to its power. The President however leads the CCP as the Chairman.
    - - The execute of China plays a role in managing the primary governing body of China and controls his cabinet.
      - He has full authority to conduct policy making and can pass them through the National Assembly for the president to approve.
    - - Has the authority to legislate any policy making and oversee the operations of the government, judiciary, special committees, military and major offices.
    - - People's Court
      - People's procuratorate system
      - Public Security System
  - - - The Supreme Leader of Iran is the Commander-in-Chief of the national military and the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary branches of Iran.
    - - The President of Iran carries out orders and decisions made by the Head of State. The Iranian executive does not have full authority over its cabinet and government this is fully under the control of the Supreme Leader.
    - - Majlis
        
        The Majlis has authority to pass and legislate all laws in accordance to the national constitution. Laws which impact the national constitution or the national religion (Islam) cannot be made.
      - Guardian Council
        
        The Guardian Council consists of 12 chosen officials by Head of State to overlook elections of executive, Overlook the Majlis, Interpreting Constitution of Iran and ensuring compatibility of the legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly
    - - Supreme Court
      - Supreme Judicial Council
      - Lower courts
      - The chief justice and the prosecutor general must be specialists in Shiʿi canon law who have attained the status of mujtahid. Under the 1979 constitution all judges must base their decisions on the Sharīʿah (Islamic law).
      - Judges must base their decisions on the Sharīʿah (Islamic law).