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DNA Technology, Agricultural applications, Medical applications, Forensic…
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Medical applications
Gene Therapy
- is to replace a defective gene with one that is functional
Adenoviruses *most common vector
- are safer, but less efficient as a vector
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Retroviruses *most common vector
- much more efficient but have a greater chance of mutating to cause disease
Gene splicing
- taking gene from one organism and adds them to the gene of the another organism.
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Pharming
- Genetic pharming or bio-pharming, is the insertion of gene into organisms such as animals, plants, or bacteria that causes the organisms create pharmaceutical(relating to medicinal drugs) products.
Process of Pharming
- Donor ewes are treated with hormones to achieve superovulation. After insemination, fertilized eggs are collected.
- The human transgene is injected into the fertilized eggs.
- Eggs are transferred to recipient ewes.
- The offspring are raised, and mature offspring are selected for presence of the human protein in the milk.
- The human protein is extracted from the milk.
- The therapeutic protein is administered to human protein.
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Environmental cleanup
Many bacteria can extract heavy metals, such as copper, lead, and nickel, from their environments and incorporate the metals into compounds
Genetically engineered microorganisms may become important in both mining and cleaning up highly toxic mining wastes.
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