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Molecular Techniques - Coggle Diagram
Molecular Techniques
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ELISA
Definition
Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) is used to detect antibodies in the blood. Uses components of the immune system (like IgG or IgM antibodies) and chemicals for the detection of immune responses in the body
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Steps
- Antibody coating, 2. Protein capture, 3. Detection antibody, 4. Streptavidin-enzyme conjugate, 5. Addition of substrate and 6. Analysis
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Western Blot
Definition
It is a technique used in cell and molecular biology to separate and identify specific proteins from a complex mixture of proteins extracted from cells. It can also be used to identify the size of a protein and measure the amount of protein expression.
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Technique steps
Sample preparation
Protein extraction by cell lysis. The sample is mixed with a detergent, which makes the proteins unfold into linear chains and covers them with negative charge.
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Blotting
The protein mixture is transferred to a membrane by using an electric field oriented perpendicular to the surface of the gel, causing proteins to move out of the gel and onto the membrane.
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PCR
Definition
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), is a laboratory technique used to make multiple copies of a segment of DNA, and can be used to amplify, or copy, a specific DNA target from a mixture of DNA molecules.
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Steps
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Extension: new strands of DNA are made by using taq polymerase, which is an enzyme that comes from the Thermus Aquaticus bacteria.
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