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Biology3 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Parotids
      - Submandibularis
      - Sublingual
  - - - Incisor
      - Canine
      - Premolar
      - Molar
      - Structure
        
        Gum
        
        Root
        
        Enamel
        
        Crown
        
        Dentine
        
        Pulp cavity
  - - - Salivary glands
        
        Saliva
        
        Salivary amylase
        
        Starch
        
        Maltose
    - - Gastric juice
        
        Pepsin
        
        Proteins
        
        Peptides
    - - Pancreas
        
        Pancreatic juice
        
        Proteases, such as tripsin
        
        Proteins and peptide
        
        Peptides and amino acids
        
        Maltose
        
        fatty acids and glycerol
        
        Starch
        
        Amylase lipase
        
        fats
    - - Ephitelial cells
        
        (None)
        
        Maltase
        
        Peptides
        
        Maltose
        
        Glucose
        
        Amino acids
        
        Peptides
- - - - Function
        
        Carries nutrients to your cells and carries waste from our body
        
        regulates body temperature
        
        Dissolves vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other nutrients
        
        Lubricates joins
    - - Simple carbohydrates
        
        Fruit, juice, milk, yogurt, candy, soda, jelly
        
        Have a bad reputation because they are high in calory and low in nutritional value
      - Complex carbohydrates
        
        Whole grain, bread, cereal, pasta, vegetable, rice, tortilla, legumes
        
        An excellent source of energy for the body, rich in vitamin, mineral, fiber
    - - Plant materials that doesn’t break in digestion
      - Many but not all carbohydrate have fiber
      - Function
        
        Aids in digestion
        
        Reduce the risk of developing disease such as heart disease, diabetes, and some cancer, help promote regularity
      - Oatmeal, fruit, vegetable, whole grain, legume
    - - Meat, fish, egg, poultry, dairy, legume, nut, seed (Bread, vegetable, and cereal contains a little protein)
      - Function
        
        Provide energy
        
        Help build, maintain, and repair body tissue
      - Proteins are made of chemical compounds called amino acids, there are 20 of them
      - Out of 20 amino acids, human body can produce 11 of them. The other are called essential amino acid, must be supplied by food supply
        
        Complete protein: Contains all Essential amino acids
        
        Incomplete proteins: Lack one or more essential amino acids
      - The best way to give the body complete proteins is to eat a wide variations of foods throughout theday
    - - The most concentrated form of food energy (calories)
      - Butter, vegetable oil, salad dressings, nuts, seed, dairy (Whole milk and cream), meats
      - Function
        
        Provide substances for growth and skin
        
        Enhance taste and texture of food
        
        Require to carry fat soluble vitamin throughout the body
        
        Provide vitaminf
      - Types of fat
        
        Saturated fat: Solid at room temperature
        
        Animal, food, tropic oil
        
        Strongly linked with high cholesterol and increase risk of heart disease
        
        Unsaturated fat
        
        Liquid in room temperature
        
        Polyunsaturated fat: Vegetable, fish oil
        
        Provide 2 essential fatty acids necessary for body function
        
        Monounsaturated fat
        
        Olive oil, nuts, seeds
        
        Reducing the risk of heart disease
    - - Fat soluble
        
        A, D, E, K
        
        Vitamin A
        
        Dark green leafy vegetable, deep yellow and orange fruit and vegetables, liver, milk, cheese, egg
        
        Function
        
        Play a role in developing strong bones and teeth
        
        Aids in night vision
        
        Help keep skin and hair healthy
        
        Vitamin D
        
        Fortified milk, egg yolk, salmon, liver, sun
        
        Function
        
        Help body use calcium and phosphorus
        
        Play a role in building strong bones and teeth
        
        Vitamin E
        
        Whole grain, bread, cereal, dark green leafy vegetable, dry beans and peas, nut, seed, vegetable oil, margarine, live
        
        Function
        
        Help form red blood cell, muscles, and other tissue
        
        Vitamin K
        
        Dark green leafy vegetable (Spinach, lettuce, kale, collard greens), and cabbage
        
        Function
        
        Help blood to cloth
      - Water soluble
        
        C, B-complex
        
        B-complex
        
        Whole grain, enriched bread and cereal, dry bean and peas, peanut butter, nuts, meat, poultry, fish, egg, milk
        
        Function
        
        Help body use the energy from the food we eat
        
        Vitamin C
        
        Citrus fruit, strawberries, kiwi, broccoli, tomatoes, potatoes
        
        Function
        
        Heal wounds
        
        Maintain healthy bones, teeth, and blood vessels
        
        Help body fight infection
    - - Meat, beans, vegetable, fruit, dairy, grain
        
        Calcium
        
        Dairy, cheese, milk, ice cream, green leafy vegetable, canned sardine, other processed fish eaten with bones
        
        Deficiency: Osteoporosis
        
        Phosphorus
        
        Help build and maintain healthy bones and teeth
        
        Magnesium
        
        Sodium
        
        Potassium
        
        Iron
        
        Liver, kidney, heart, meat, egg yolk, dry beans, dry peas, spinach, dried fruit, whole-grain and enriched breads and cereals, nuts
        
        Help make hemoglobin in red blood cells
        
        Helps cells use oxygen
        
        Other: Iodine, zinc, copper, sulfur, chloride, etc
  - - - Tiredness, difficulty of sleeping and concentrating, frequent colds, weight lose or gain
      - If deficiency not correct
        
        More serious, effect skin, eyes, and bones