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ROCKS AND MINERALS - Coggle Diagram
ROCKS AND MINERALS
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Metamorphic Rocks
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Examples- Sandstone, when heated and given pressure changes into Quartzite.Shale, when heated and given pressure changes into Slate.
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Examples- Sandstone, Limestone, Shale
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Minerals
Metallic
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Examples of ores are bauxite, pyrite , hematite.
These can be processed to obtain aluminium, copper and iron
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Non- Metallic
Non-metallic minerals are a special group of chemical elements from which no new product can be generated if they are melted.
Examples- coal, salt, gypsum, mica, feldspar
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Gemstones
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Examples- Diamond, Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald
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Weathering
Weathering is when rocks are broken down by the action of rainwater, temperature and biological activities
There are three types of weathering- Physical weathering, Chemical weathering, Biological weathering
Physical weathering- Physical weathering is caused mdue to the changing temperature of rocks, causing the rock to break apart. Water is an addition to the physical weathering of rocks
Chemical weathering- Chemical weathering is when minerals in the rock chemically change into new forms. These reactions occur mainly due to acid rain.
Biological weathering- Biological weathering is the contribution of living organisms to weathering. The roots of trees move through joints or cracks in the rock to find moisture. As the tree grows, the roots gradually push the rock apart.
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Fossil Fuels
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Coal, natural gas, and oil are examples of fossil fuels.
In power stations, fossil fuels are burnt to drive turbines that generate electricity.
Car engines home furnaces, water heaters and many other use appliances burn fossil fuels.
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