Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Bone System, Isabel Garcia, Period: 1 - Coggle Diagram
Bone System, Isabel Garcia, Period: 1
Bone Name
-
-
-
-
Lower Limb (leg): -femur -patella -tibia -fibula -tarsals (calcaneus & talus) -metatarsals -phalanges
Type of Bone
Short Bone: cube shape (carpals, tarsals)
Flat Bone: flat smooth shape (ribs, shoulders, skull)
Long Bone: long/thin shape (humerus, femur)
-
Anatomy of long bone
The Humerus contains articular cartilage at the end and is then met with proximal epiphysis which contains spongy bone and epiphysis line
contains periosteum, compact bone, medullary cavity, all in the diaphysis
-
diaphysis contains yellow bone marrow, nutrient foramen, perforating fibers, nutrient artery
Bone remodeling
osteoclasts dig grooves into bone and secrete enzymes to break down matrix
osteoblasts secretes new matrix
Bone fracture repair
nondisplaced/displaced: location will remain/not remain in same location
complete/incomplete: fracture goes through completely
open/closed: bone penetrate/not penetrate skin
communiated: three or more
compression: crushed
spiral
epiphiseal: new matrix is forming
depressed: indent
greenstick: one side breaks, other bends
-
Hematoma formation: clotted blood cells
Fibrocartilaginous callus formation: collagen fibers connect broken ends
Bony callus formation: hard callus is formed from spongy bone
Bone remodeling: compact bone is laid to reconstruct shaft walls
Joints
Fibrous: dense fibrous connective tissue, no joint cavity
Sutures: interlocking joints in skull,
Syndesmoses: connected by ligaments,
Gomphoses: peg-in socket joints, periodontal ligament
-
Cartilaginous: unite by cartilage, no joint cavity, synchondroses and symphyses
Synchondroses: immovable, hyaline cartilage connects bone
Symnphyses: articular cartilage on ends of bone, amphiarthroses
Synovial: fluid-filled cavity, free movement
Types: plane, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, ball-in-socket
-
-
Disorder
Osteomalacia and rickets: poorly mineralized, result in soft weak bones, can lead to bone deformation
Osteoporosis: bone resorption exceeds deposit result in bone mass decline, due to vitamin deficiency
Paget’s disease: bone grows fast and poorly result in high ratio of spongy bone in comparison to compact bone