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The Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment image, image, image, image,…

- - - - Western Europe.
      - unlimited authority
      - Louis XIV of France
        
        (1643–1715)
    - - Charles I
        
        faced opposition
        
        civil war
        
        republic
        
        1649
      - Charles II
        
        re-established
      - James II
        
        Glorious Revolution.
      - William of Orange
        
        Bill of Rights,
      - United Kingdom of Great Britain.
        
        after agreements
      - chamber
        
        House of Lords
        
        House of Commons
    - - Lesser Hapsburgs
      - decline
  - - - powerful.
      - absolute monarchy
    - - increased trade
      - open economy
    - - powerfull
      - control
      - wealthier
    - - new way of thinking
      - placed human beings
        
        centre of the Universe.
    - - characterised the Middle Ages.
      - keep knowledge
    - - Catholic Church.
- - - - associations of craftsmen
      - aspects
        
        working hours
        
        toolsl
        
        prices
        
        wages
    - - the poor quality of the roads
      - internal customs duties
      - foreign trade
        
        discovery of America
        
        new sea routes to Asian markets.
        
        large empires
        
        expansion of trade routes
    - - low productivity
      - not commercial:
        
        outdated techniques and tools.
        
        own needs
  - - - how much gold and silver it possessed.
  - - - encouraged exports
      - limited imports
  - - - diferences increased
        
        petite bourgeoisie
        
        small
        
        craftsmen
        
        merchants
        
        not compete with new forms of production.
        
        peasantry
        
        day labourers
        
        suffered
        
        rising prices
        
        poor harvests
        
        higher taxes
        
        for the higher bourgeoisie
        
        bourgeoisie
        
        prominent merchants
        
        business owners
        
        European economy developed.
        
        richer
        
        powerful
    - - maintained their economic power
        
        collecting tithes
        
        peasants
        
        income they received
        
        theirs lands
      - very poor.
        
        lesser nobility
        
        lower clergy
    - - Third Estate
        
        did not have any privileges.
        
        ordinary people)
      - First and Second Estates
        
        nobility)
        
        traditional privileges
        
        the clergy
  - - - sense of honour
      - work was dishonourable.
    - - crisis
    - - no invest
    - - insignificant
      - small
    - - petite bourgeoisie and peasantry poorer
      - more beggars, thieves or bandits.
    - - in Spain
        
        market fall
        
        expulsion of the Moriscos in 1609
        
        loss of more than 200 000 people
        
        poor harvests
        
        frequent wars.
        
        periodic plague epidemics,