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PSYCHOLOGY OF THE EDUCATION - Coggle Diagram
PSYCHOLOGY OF THE EDUCATION
EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
TEACHING
as art
teaching requires inspiration, intuition, talent and creativity of which very little can be taught
as science
teaching requires knowledge and skills that of course can be learned
ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
process by which society transmits to a new member the values, beliefs, knowledge and symbolic expressions that will make possible their communication with society
PSYCHOLOGY
It is the study of human behavior, development and learning.
understands the teaching and learning processes
develop ways to improve these processes.
FEATURES
psychology is a science and teaching an art
COMPONENTS OF A PRESCRIPTIVE APPROACH
description of the state of knowledge to be acquired
description of the initial state with which the student begins
specification of interventions that can help the student move from their initial state to the desired state
assessment of specific and generalized learning outcomes
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Towards a General Definition
changes that occur in men and women from conception to death
Physical development, changes in the body
Personal development, changes in the personality of an individual.
Social development, changes in the way an individual relates to others.
Cognitive development, thought changes.
Maturation changes that occur naturally and spontaneously that are genetically determined.
theoretical principles.
People develop at different speeds
Development is relatively orderly
The development is gradual.
Personal, Social and Moral Development
Childhood: confidence vs. distrust
The child: autonomy vs. sorrow and doubts
Early childhood: initiative vs. fault
The elementary and high school years: application vs. inferiority
Adolescence: search for identity
After the school years: intimacy, productivity and integrity
individual differences
Origin of the differences
behavioral genetics, the study of genetic factors comprised in characteristics such as intelligence, musical ability, or moods
Hereditary factors
Genetic coefficient expresses the proportion by which the variability of a certain characteristic can be attributed to genetic causes.
Environmental factors
Socioeconomic differences
Cultural differences
Parenting practices
Important Concepts
The Human Potential
The average individual uses only a part of his entire potential.
Self-knowledge
Self-concept "," I "," life argument "," self "," self-image "," self-esteem "," internal world "," self-image "
Need for Self-Esteem and Characteristics
describes as an inner experience in which people feel the need to be valuable, worthy of respect and admiration
The process of becoming a person
Roles Assumed
Accusing Role - Recriminator
Conciliatory Role - Supplicant
Super Reasonable Role - Computer
Irrelevant Role - Cheeky
Congruent Role - Authentic
Personal Assessment Process
It is a continuous process of self-knowledge, self-concept, self-evaluation, self-acceptance and self-respect in order to improve communication with oneself and with the environment.
Personal Excellence
Esteem
Self-direction
Self-efficiency
CLASSROOM MOTIVATION AND DIRECTION
Motivation
energizes and directs behavior
Behavioral Approach to Motivation
Behaviorists assume that we have basic physiological needs that motivate us
Cognitive Approaches to Motivation
is that people not only respond to external situations or physical conditions such as hunger, they also respond to their perceptions of these situations
Humanistic Approaches to Motivation
Humanistic psychology emphasizes personal freedom, choice, self-determination, and the effort for personal development.
OPERATIONAL PEDAGOGY
Principles of Jean Piaget
Learning is achieved through the construction of knowledge.
Phases of the learning process
Assimilation
Accommodation
Balance
Ausubel Principles
reception learning theory (meaningful learning), results from a process of receiving information. The reasoning used is deductive.
Learning to Learn Theory
Education as a Practice of Freedom
cognitive approaches
Reflect on their own learning, be aware of how they learn, and practice self-questioning.
Practice various strategies to selectively apply in the execution of certain tasks
Principles of Instruction
principles
motivation
structuring
secuenciación
reinforcement