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Tenses - Coggle Diagram
Tenses
Future
Be going to
for plans, ambitions, intuitions
e.g. I am going to be a great writer.
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Future Continuous
for an action which will be in progress at a stated future time.
e.g. This time next week, I will be studying for my exam.
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Future Simple
predictions about the future (based on personal belief)
e.g. I am afraid, she will not come.
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for actions, events, situations which will definitely happen in the future and we cannot controll them
e.g. I will turn 30 in May.
Future Perfect
for an action which will be finished before a stated future time.
e.g. She will have finished the report by tomorrow.
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Past
Past Continuous
for an action which was in progress at a stated time in the past.
- we do not mention when the action started or finished.
e.g. At seven o’clock yesterday evening they were having dinner.
for an action which was in progress when another action interrupted.
- we use the past continuous for the action in progress (longer action) and the past simple for the action which interrupted it (shorter action)
e.g. He was walking down the street when he ran into an old friend.
for two or more simultanious past actions
e.g. She was talking on her phone while she was driving to work.
Past Perfect
for an action which happened before another past action or before a stated time in the past.
e.g. She had finished work when she met her friends for coffee.
Past Simple
for an action which happened at a definite time in the past. The time is stated, already known or implied.
e.g. They went camping by the lake last month.
for an action which happened immediately one after the other on the past.
e.g. First she paid the driver, them she got out of the taxi.
for past habits or states which are now finished.
e.g. Kitchens were very different a hundred year ago.
Past Perfect Continuous
to put emphasis on the duration of an action which started and finished in the past
e.g. They had been looking for a house for 6 months.
- usually used with for or since
Present
Present perfect
For an action which happened at an unstated time in the past. The exact time is not mentioned because it is either unknown or unimportant. (The emphasis is on the action.)
e.g. They have bought a boat.
For an action which has happened within a specific time period which is not over at the moment of spekaing.
e.g. She has taken 15 pictures today.
For action which started in the past and continues up to the present
e.g. She has always loved rock music.
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Present Continuous
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Something which is new and contrasts with a previous state
e.g. We are using mobiles instead of writing emails.
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Somethings which happens all the time and it irritates you
e.g. I am meeting Sarah all the time at the Mall.
Present Simple
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Commentaries
e.g. Sam takes over, passes the ball to John and John scores a goal.
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