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Cancer - Coggle Diagram

- - - - side effect: n, v. bone marrow, depression, hemorrhagic cystitis
- - - - Arrest cells: S-G2 phase
      - MOA: Inhibition of topoisomerase II, cause irreversible double strand DNA breaks
      - side effects: N,V, Myelosuppression, alopecia
  - - - Block mititic cells at M phase
      - MOA Inhibition of tubulin polymerization(depolymerize tubulin), disrupt formation of mitotic spindle
      - unwanted neuromuscular effect
  - - - Block mitotic cells at M phase
      - MOA: stabilization of tubulin polymerization, freezing the mitotic spindles
      - relatively toxic, hypersensitivity
  - - - inhibition topoisomerase I, they have relatively few toxic effects
- - - - MOA: Cytarabine is metabolized intracellularly into its active triphosphate form (cytosine arabinoside triphosphate). This metabolite then damages DNA by multiple mechanism, including the inhibition DNA polymerase and incorporation into DNA
      - ara-C
      - S-phase
      - Toxicity: Myelosupression
      - Uses: acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia
    - - 'fraudulent' nucleotide and inhibits thymidylate synthesis
  - - - MOA: inhibits adenosine deaminase- a critical pathway in purine metabolism
    - - converted into fraudulent nucleotide
    - - MOA: in trisphosphate form inhibits DNA polymerase and is myelosuppressive
  - - - MOA: competitive inhbition of dihydrofolate, no synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, block de novo purine synthesis
      - Side effect : Bone marrow depression, damage to the epithelium of the GI tract
- - - - Mitomycin
        
        MOA: activated to give an alkylating metabolite
      - Bleomycin
        
        g2 phase
        
        metal-chelatinfg
        
        oxidation of iron and generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, cut phosphodiester DNA bonds
        
        pulmonary fibrosis, allergic reactions, mucocutaneous reactions, hyperpyrexia
      - Dactinomycin
        
        MOA: intercalates in DNA, interfering with RNA polymerase and inhibiting transcription. It also interferes with the action of topoisomerase II. Unwanted effects include nausea, vomiting and myelosuppression
    - - Doxorubicin
        
        @ adriamycin
        
        forms complexes with DNA by intercalation between base pairs, inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis; inhibits topoisomerase II activity
        
        Uses: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma