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Kauri Dieback and the Environmental Threats To the Manukau Habour - Coggle…
Kauri Dieback and the Environmental Threats To the Manukau Habour
Climate Change
Rising sea levels
Increased erosion will damage ecosystems on the shoreline and the sea creatures and other birds and animals living there may not have the required habitat to live properly. Erosion may also damage urban property. Planting riaparian plants along the sides of riverbanks etc. will help prevent this erosion as the roots can help improve the soils health.
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Coastal Flooding
More impervious surfaces can stop water from sinking into the soils as they are more compacted, and this can increase run-off into streams where the water quality may be in decline.
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Rising temperatures
Increased risk of natural disasters, including forest fires and droughts
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Decreased dominance of native, non-fire and drought resistance species, such as less kauri, and increased dominance of drought and fire-resistant species that are usually non-native
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Less plants, birds and other animals from less vegetation and increased soil erosion from the droughts and changed plant varieties.
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051[0723:CCAFD]2.0.CO;2)
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Kauri Dieback
Matauranga Maori indicates cultural importance of Kauri
Rahui policies to prevent dieback spread via limited foot traffic and better cleanliness
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Less plants since there are less kauri are there to help with water channels and flow in soils
With changed water fflow comes increased risk of flooding and also more chances for the dieback pathogen to spread.
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Contamination
Decreased water quality and availability from increased pollution from contaminants in wastewater, biosolids , agricultural farms and general urbanisation and cars.
Eutrophication and algal blooms caused by increased contaminants like nitrogen, phosphorous.
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Insufficient wastewater management with excess chemicals
More waste water will affect organisms when they interact with the waste and human health will be compromised with the accumulation of unnecessary substances in the drinking water and the accumulation of the edible fish that get the nutrients and heavy metals into their system.
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Urban Development
Increased population needs more resources (water, space for buildings etc.) and the industrial processes to keep up with the populaiton willcause more pollution/ contamination.
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Habitat loss from development into forests
More foot traffic, vehicles and pets increases spread of kauri dieback pathogen, increased introduced exotic species and decreased natives.
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Fragmented habitation
Fragmentation can Increase contamination from runoff from households and fertilisers, will affect water and soil quality.
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Habitat quality, dynamics, connectivity, erosion and the populations of species will be changed with fragmentation. Restoring these habitats and improving connectivity will help species recover.
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More compact and less impervious soils
Increases flooding risk since water can't sink through the compacted soils and impervious surfaces. More runoff with contaminants are possible.
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Fire
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Rahui
Rahui can help prevent excess consumption of resources and protect the environment but may not always be supported legally and so some people may go against them and not face consequences. Funding to implement and enforce these rahui policies may also be insufficient. A lack of culturally important objects and sites will hurt Matauranga Maori' and the ability to connect spiritually with their heritage.
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Water
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Lessened water water and a decrease in drinking water caused by industrial uses will harm humans and animals drinking supplies and plants and trees.
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