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Coal & Petroleum - Coggle Diagram
Coal & Petroleum
Petroleum
Petra means rock and oleum means oil, mined from between the rocks in under earth.
word's first oil well in Pennyslvania, USA later in Makum in Assam, other places are Gujarat, Mumbai high and river basins of godavari and Krishna.
Petroleum is a dark oily liquid with unpleasant odour. Mixture of Petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc.
Substances that we get from petrol & natural gas are called petrochemicals. to manufacture detergents, fibres (polyester, acrylic etc.)
coal
Uses- to cook food, railway engines to produce ssteam, thermal power for electricity, fuel in industries.
Texture- Hard and black in colour. Coal contains mainly carbon, conversion of dead vegetation into coal under high temperature and pressure is called carbonisation.
Coal burns to produce CO2.
Coal is processed to get
Coke
Tough porous and Black substance, pure form of carbon, manufacture of steel.
Coal Tar
It is black, thick liquid with an unpleasant smell. Mix of 200 substancess. Dyes, Drugs, Explosives, paints, photographic materials, roofing materials, Napthalene balls ( moth and insects.)
Bitumen is used in place of Coal Tar for metalling the roads.
Coal Gas
Coal to coke we get coal gas. it is a source of light, coal gas is used for street light (1- London, New York,,) now used as source of heat.
Natural gas
CNG - under high pressure- power generation- Pipeline- Vadodara(Gujarat), Delhi, to manufacture fertilisers and chemicals, In india the reserves are Tripura, Rajasthan, Maharashtra and Krishna Godavari delta.
Hydrogen gas - fertiliser= Urea (NH2CONH2), Petroleum is referred as black gold.
Exhaustible natural resource- coal, petrolum, wildlife, forests, natural gas etc. Inexhaustible - unlimited, air, sunlight, water.
Fossil fuels-dead remains of living organisms- fossils- petroleum, coal , natural gas.
to save Petrol and diesel we have PCRA-Petroleum Conservation Research Association - to save petrol/ diesel - correct tyre pressure, constant and moderate speed.