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Allergic Reaction Emergencies, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
Allergic Reaction Emergencies
Urticaria/Pruritus
Cause:
Allergy
Symptoms:
Urticaria
- Red eruption on face, neck, hands and arms
Pruritus
- itching of these areas
Treatment:
P:
Upright semi-reclining
A/B:
Admin. oxygen is NOT necessary
C:
monitor pulse
D:
If unsure call EMS and document what happened
Signs of Recovery:
sympt. subside
Signs of Deterioration:
Eruption/sympt. worsen; angioedema appears or other signs of anaphylactic, respiratory distress
Anaphylactic Shock
Cause:
Severe allergic reaction (immediately hypersensitivity)
Symptoms:
Progressive respiratory and circulatory failure
itching of nose/hands
flushed face
feeling of subseternal depressin
labored breathing
stridor
coughing
sudden hypotension
usually tachycardia
cyanosis
loss of consciousness
incontinence
Treatment:
P: Recumbent
ACCESS AIRWAY
Establish and maintain airway
BREATHING
Admin. oxygen
CARDIAC FUNCTION
ADMIN. EPINEPHRINE ADULT:
IM 1:1000 1 mg/mL solution every 5-15 min.
ADMIN. EPINEPHRINE CHILD:
IM 0.01 mL/kg of 1:1000, every 5-15 min.
max dose is 0.3 mg
Epi Reaction
Symptoms:
Rapid elevation in BP
Epi interactions occur with several drug groups (eg, ergot derivatives such as bromocriptine; serotonin/norepinephrine reupake inhibitors like venlafaxine)
Treatment:
P:
Pt. comfort
A/B:
Admin. Oxygen
C:
monitor vitals
D:
reassure pt. Activate EMS if
BP doesn't return to normal
