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Causes of Unsustained Oceans Unknown - Coggle Diagram
Causes of Unsustained Oceans 
Overfishing
In an open fishery, the fishing effort will be scaled up until it is virtually impossible for any fisherman to generate any profits at all.
Fishing costs are the second major economic variable in a given fishery. An increase in fishing effort leads to higher operating costs due to the costs of increasing inputs such as wages, fuel and fishing gear.
The volume of the catch that can be sustained over an indefinite period depends on the size of the stock. For many stocks, the size of the stock that would permit MSY(maximum sustainable yield) is equivalent to around half the natural equilibrium stock without fishing activity.
From an economic perspective, the problem of overfishing arises because marine fish stocks are a “common” resource: a fish, once caught, belongs to the fisherman, whereas a fish that is still in the sea does not.
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Damaged Ecosystems
Global warming has led to increased temperatures, sea levels and ocean acidity that disrupt an ecosystem's natural balance.
Many animal populations are declining due to overfishing and hunting. Animals are often hunted for their valuable skins, plumage, horns and meat.
Many ecosystems are rich in natural resources like nutrient-rich soil, water, trees and fossil fuels. Excessive efforts to extract these resources like mining, logging and oil drilling contribute to ecosystem destruction.
Many ecosystems are destroyed in order to clear land for housing developments and roads, agricultural uses and raising livestock.
Pollution can deplete resources and drive away local animal populations. Significant sources of pollution include trash, carbon emissions, oil spills and pesticides.
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Economic Incentives
The global market value of marine and coastal resources and industries is estimated at $3 trillion per year.
Overfishing, habitat loss, and pollution have depleted and disrupted ocean ecosystems, threatening economic, social, and environmental benefits.
Climate change and ocean acidification are causing the ocean to become higher, warmer, stormier, more acidic, lower in dissolved oxygen and more depauperate.
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The global market value of marine and coastal resources and industries is estimated at $3 trillion per year. Over 3 billion people depend upon the oceans to provide their primary source of protein, and marine fisheries directly or indirectly employ over 200 million people.
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Runoff
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Chemicals that end up on roads and highways flow over and under the ground with rainwater, as do pesticides; fertilizers; and carbon-, nitrogen-, and phosphorus-rich particulates, eventually reaching the ocean.
Inland mining can cause an influx of mineral and soil deposits. These travel through rivers and estuaries, making soil a real threat to marine ecosystems.
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can originate from sources such as cars and trucks, septic tanks, farms, and timber harvesting operations
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