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Host protective mechanisms against infection - Coggle Diagram
Host protective mechanisms against infection
Surface barriers
Gut
Mechanical
epithelial cells and tight junctions
longitudinal flow of air/fluid
Chemical
low pH
enzymes
Microbiological
normal flora
Lungs
Mechanical
epithelial cells and tight junctions
movement of mucus - cilia
Chemical
antibacterial peptides
Skin
Chemical
FA
antibacterial peptides
Microbiological
normal flora
Mechanical
Epithelial cells and tight junctions
longitudinal flow of air/fluid
Eyes/nose
Mechanical
epithelial cells and tight junctions
tears, nasal cilia
Chemical
enzymes in tears (lysozsymes)
INNATE
Macrophage
PRRs recognize pathogen
Function: phagocytose and induce intracellular killing
release IL-1 = attract neutrophils
NK cell
Perforin from NK golgi appartus > perforate pathogen membrane
Neutrophil
Arrive by chemotaxis
recruited by lysosomal enzymes
Function: phagocytose pathogen > phagosome > induce intracellular killing
Intracellular killing by burst and release granules or enzyme release > damage pathogen membrane
ADAPTIVE
APC
DC
Macrophage
Langerhans cell
Function: remove antigen via pinocytosis
B-cell
Antigens presented via BCR or DC
Differentiate > plasma cells
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgG
IgD
Memory B cells - re-infection
T-cells
CD8 (cytotoxic)
secrete cytokines = perforins, defensins, lymphotoxins
MHC I - lyse plasma membranes of antigens
CD4 T helper cells
secrete cytokines - antibody/cell-mediated immunity
Activate B-cells
recognize MHC-II antigens