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Passive Part I & II - Coggle Diagram

- - - - I need to get the work done by noon (I need to finish it)
      - I got the work done by a mechanic (I asked someone to do it
    - - More research is needed about the causes of crimes NOT More research GETs needed.
- - - - an action in progress at a certain time in the future
        
        is (not) going to + be + pp
    - - what you think will happen
        
        will (not) be + pp
    - - will happen before a certain in the future
        
        will (not) have + been + pp
  - - - Past: modal (not) + have + been + past participle
      - Present: modal (not) + be + pp
    - - To express obligation, necessity, and advisability
        
        have (got) to, had better, had to , must, should and ought to + PP
      - To express ability
        
        can and could + pp
      - To express future possibility and impossibility
        
        can't, could, may and might
  - - - habitual, true or events in a sequence
        
        is (not) + past participle
    - - In progress at the moment
        
        is (not) being + pp
    - - Began in the past but continues to the present
        
        has (not) been + pp
  - - - Happened before a certain time in the past
        
        had (not) been + pp
    - - Action completed at specific time
        
        was (not) + pp
    - - Action in progress or not completed
        
        was (not) being + pp
- - - - South Africa is bordered by Namibia
    - - Canada is made up of 10 provinces and 3 territories.
    - - Curitiba is found in southern Brazil
    - - These people are related to each other
    - - The United States is divided into 53 states.
- - - - It is assumed that the culture dates from 5000 B.C.E.
    - - It is claimed (by some scholars) that ..
  - - - The culture is assumed to date from 5000 B.C.E.
    - - The Japanese are thought to have visited America before Columbus.
      - In the 15th century King Richard III of England was thought to have been a monstrous king. Today he has a better reputation.
    - - Regard used with As + noun phrase
        
        Columbus is regarded as the discoverer of America.
      - Consider used with infinitive, noun phrase or adjective
        
        The Native Americans are considered (to be) the first discoverers of the New World.