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THE ANCIEN RÈGIME - Coggle Diagram
THE ANCIEN RÈGIME
The politics of the Ancien Règime
In the 17th century
absolute monarchy came to predominate in Western Europe.
the crown had unlimited authority
which was believed to come from God.
was Louis XIV of France
1643–1715
exerted his authority in various ways
controlled the government
intervened in the economy
he did not call the Estates General
Spain's power began to decline
in 17th century
reigns of the Lesser Hapsburgs
led to significant territorial losses
Parliamentary monarchy in England
In 1688
tensions between Parliament and James II led to the Glorious Revolution
Parliament offered the throne to William of Orange
He swore to uphold the Bill of Rights
a document written by Parliament which became the precedent for similar documents in other countries
, a document written by Parliament which became the precedent for similar documents in other countries
Charles I faced opposition from Parliament
when he tried to rule as an absolute monarch
This led to a civil war between the supporters
of the king
of Parliament
Charles I was defeated and executed
in 1649
a republic was established
under the control of Parliamentarian commander Oliver Cromwell
After Cromwell's death
the absolute monarchy was re-established under Charles II
was followed by James II
In 1707
the parliaments of England and Scotland signed a series of agreements which unified the two countries
Together they became known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain
Parliament was divided into two chambers
The upper chamber
nobility
clergy
House of Lords
The lower chamber
rest of the population
its members were wealthy men
merchants
bankers
House of Commons
based on social differences between their members
It covers 17th and 18th centuries
took place
economic
social transformations
series of political
and social transformations took place
by changes like
economic
social
political
European monarchs became more powerful
New forms of skilled craftsmanship and increased trade
The bourgeoisie became wealthier and more powerful
Humanism developed
Advances in science and philosophy began to overcome the desire to keep knowledge
New artistic styles emerged