Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
DNA Vaccines - Coggle Diagram
DNA Vaccines
Disadvantages of DNA vaccines
Their release to the public is highly anticipated.
However, almost all remain in clinical trials
Effective and well tolerated by patients, some concerns their advancements
Hese are related to their ability to disrupt cellular processes
Produce anti-DNA antibodies, resulting in too low a level of immunogenicity
This essentially means that they are not effective enough
However, that the technology for improving the vaccines' effectiveness has advanced by leaps and bounds since the 1990s.
DNA vaccines are not yet established to HIV or cancer patients
It is likely that this will change in the relatively near future
If global market reports are any indication, scientists look for vaccine development
Global market reports
Scientists foresee continued breakthroughs in the vaccines
With the development of DNA vaccines
Hopeful that in the not-so-distant future, advancements will lead to the eradication of currently incurable illnesses.
DNA vaccien method
DNA vaccines the genetic material from the virus or bacteria to elicit an immune response.
Neither attenuated nor killed pathogens are involved, nor are pathogen subunits isolated
Double-stranded DNA vector
This vector, also known as a bacterial plasmid, is a circular
genetic structure that can be replicated and purified in a laboratory
Once the plasmid is established, the vaccine is ready to be injected ,It is shot directly into tissue through a “gene gun”
Convert the DNA vaccine
Into a liquid form that could be used as nasal spray
The concept of vaccination with vaccines and DNA vaccines
Medical researchers have quarreled to stay ahead in the contest with mutating microbes and to create vaccines that are safer and more directly targeted
Example: see “Live attenuated and inactivated vaccines”, page 53
Subunit and conjugate vaccines
A little further out from the medical home country are subunit and conjugate vaccines, which were actually not possible before modern technological advances
DNA vaccines
which research first began to test only in the 1990
DNA vaccines are still in clinical trials, the global market for research and development for the vaccines has grown enormously over the past several years
Given DNA vaccines' ability to elicit strong immune responses, as well as their relative safety, they could eventually achieve the goal of inoculating patients against the most devastating maladies of our age, including malaria, HIV, and cancer.
The advantages of DNA vaccines.
2 goals of DNA vaccination: creating a strong cellular response and building a potent humoral, or antibody, response.
Supporting details:
DNA vaccinations prompt helper T cells and B cells to multiply and produce memory cells, as well as activate cytotoxic “killer” T cells, which are the toughest pathogen fighters.
It gives long-lasting immunity, similar to what most live attenuated vaccines achieve.
They are much safer than a live-virus vaccine.
Supporting detail: DNA vaccine plasmids are not living, and thus nonreplicating, there is no risk that they may cause an illness.