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Electrospun Fiber Sheets for Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Cultivation -…
Electrospun Fiber Sheets for Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Cultivation
What?
Electrospun Fiber Sheets
Poly-L-lactide-co-[epsilon]-caprolactone (PLCL) fibers were arranged as a sheet with an overlay of randomly oriented and intentionally alligned fibers
These sheets cause MSCs to behave as if they were surrounded by cartilagenous tissue
The randomly oriented fibers particularly applied key cueing for MSCs and MSC secretome
MSCs
Stem cells found in connective tissues
This makes them easy to harvest
Most of your organs have some connective tissue in or around them.
Blood, bone, cartilage, and fat are some common connective tissues
They can also be triggered to form many different tissue types
In cartilage tissue regeneration...
Paracrine secretion (secreted hormones that act within a tissue, but not the cells that secreted the hormone) of trophic (growth) factors from MSCs are more important than direct placement of MSCs
MSC secretome is the most important of these trophic factors.
MSC secretome
Showed promise in osteochondral defects and osteoarthritis regeneration models
When cultivated outside living tissue, MSC secretion of MSC secretome was insufficient, time consuming, and not cost-effective
Tissue-regenerative scaffolds, inflammation-associated by-products, cell aggregates, and certain environmental cues also effected MSCs and MSC secretome
Which brings us back to
Cartilage Injuries (start)
Injuries can cause cartilage defects
Defects can promote more damage or osteoarthritis
Current treatments can replace defects with "neocartilage"
Neocartilage is often significantly inferior
This is often caused by unaddressed inflammation
These inflammations may also cause homeostatic imbalances in the tissue
(Then)
Results
MSC conditioned media showed significantly improved MSC colony morphology and higher metabolic activity
The randomly oriented fiber plates yielded the highest metabolism
The random oriented samples also showed the greatest migration of MSCs
The non-random arrangement, however, showed increase protein uptake compared to the random orientation samples
Neither displayed an adventageous re-differentiation of chondrocytes
Both arrangements displayed inverse promotion for cell adhession
Non-random samples produced more focal adhesion kinase
The effect these findings had on MSC secretome was not elucidated in this study
Random samples produce more extracellular signal-regulated kinase
MSC secretome turned out to be a major cell protector
Again, random orientation proved more effective
Reference
Kadir N, Yang Z, Hassan A, Denslin V, & Lee E. 2021 Feb 3. Electrospun fibers enhanced the paracrine signaling of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration. Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 12 (1).