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The impact of industrialisation on living conditions., image, b1ce89b8…
The impact of industrialisation on living conditions.
Public Health has a close connection to living conditions.
Due to the industrial revolution people were moving to Cathedral Cities and Market Towns that had many industries.
This caused overcrowding and led to the rise of 'filth diseases' like diphtheria and typhoid.
IMPACT ON HOUSING
Bad housing was not uniquely a product of the industrial revolution as there had been slums throughout medieval London.
In addition, agricultural labourers often lived in no better conditions than they animals they looked after.
HOWEVER, the Industrial revolution was unique as it led to widespread, dense overcrowding.
Urban dwellers responded by filling up vacant spaces and second by building new dwellings.
Attics were turned into working or living spaces.
Pre-industrialisation the rich and poor lived in close proximity.
As public transport was expensive industrial workers had to live near the mills and factories in which they worked.
The middle-class moved out beyond the smut-laden cities.
Most of the housing in rapid growing industrial cities was new and often poorly built.
-Rows of industrial cottages were common in the North.
-Back to back houses in Lancashire and Yorkshire
-Enclosed courtyards in Birmingham.
-Vast tenements in Glasgow.
Some were poorly built, with floor boards on battered earth. Others were planned carefully but most were filled with more families than there should have been.
SANITATION
Rather than the houses being the problem it was the lack of services to the house like Sewers, Drainage and regular water supply.
Lavatories were usually outside in courtyards and emptied into cesspits and then cleared by night-soil men. They piled what they had into dunghills and then sold them onto farmers.
Some houses had their own privies where the contents were covered with ash.
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Middle-class houses had flushing privies, but these flushed into a cesspit or a closed sewer.
Supply of water was expensive and controlled by vested interests in the form of private water companies.
The middle class had water piped to their houses and as the water supply was irregular and uncertain so it was stored in cisterns.
In poorer areas water was collected with standpipes or queued up with buckets to buy what they could afford when the water company turned on supply.
People too poor to buy water did not bother or took what they needed from local rivers or streams.
PROXIMITY OF RICH AND POOR
DWELLINGS AND ATTICS
NEW HOUSES
