Urogenital system disorders (Vaginitis)
Definition
Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina that can result in discharge, itching and pain.
Signs and symptoms
Pain during intercourse
Painful urination
Vaginal itching or irritation
Light vaginal bleeding or spotting
Change in color, odor or amount of discharge from your vagina
Common types
Trichomoniasis- An infection called trichomoniasis (trik-o-moe-NIE-uh-sis) can cause a greenish-yellow, sometimes frothy discharge.
Yeast infection- The main symptom is itching, but you might have a white, thick discharge that resembles cottage cheese.
Bacterial vaginosis- You might develop a grayish-white, foul-smelling discharge. The odor, often described as a fishy odor, might be more obvious after sexual intercourse.
Risk factors
Medications, such as antibiotics and steroids
Use of spermicides for birth control
Having a sexually transmitted infection
Uncontrolled diabetes
Sexual activity
Use of hygiene products such as bubble bath, vaginal spray or vaginal deodorant
Hormonal changes, such as those associated with pregnancy, birth control pills or menopause
Wearing damp or tightfitting clothing
Using an intrauterine device (IUD) for birth control
Diagnostic tests
Perform a pelvic exam.
Collect a sample for lab testing.
Review your medical history. This includes your history of vaginal or sexually transmitted infections.
Perform pH testing.
Treatments
Trichomoniasis
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (vaginal atrophy)
Yeast infections
Bacterial vaginosis.
Noninfectious vaginitis
Metronidazole (Metrogel) gel
Clindamycin (Cleocin) cream
Metronidazole (Flagyl) tablets
Clotrimazole
butoconazole
Miconazole
tioconazole (Vagistat-1)
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
tinidazole (Tindamax)
Estrogen in the form of vaginal cream
Avoid source of irritation
Pathophysiology
Chemical irritation also can be a significant factor.
Atrophic vaginitis is associated with hypoestrogenism, and symptoms include dyspareunia, dryness, pruritus, and abnormal bleeding.
The overgrowth of normally present bacteria, infecting bacteria, or viruses can cause symptoms of vaginitis.