Urogenital system disorders (Vaginitis)

Definition

Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina that can result in discharge, itching and pain.

Signs and symptoms

Pain during intercourse

Painful urination

Vaginal itching or irritation

Light vaginal bleeding or spotting

Change in color, odor or amount of discharge from your vagina

Common types

Trichomoniasis- An infection called trichomoniasis (trik-o-moe-NIE-uh-sis) can cause a greenish-yellow, sometimes frothy discharge.

Yeast infection- The main symptom is itching, but you might have a white, thick discharge that resembles cottage cheese.

Bacterial vaginosis- You might develop a grayish-white, foul-smelling discharge. The odor, often described as a fishy odor, might be more obvious after sexual intercourse.

Risk factors

Medications, such as antibiotics and steroids

Use of spermicides for birth control

Having a sexually transmitted infection

Uncontrolled diabetes

Sexual activity

Use of hygiene products such as bubble bath, vaginal spray or vaginal deodorant

Hormonal changes, such as those associated with pregnancy, birth control pills or menopause

Wearing damp or tightfitting clothing

Using an intrauterine device (IUD) for birth control

Diagnostic tests

Perform a pelvic exam.

Collect a sample for lab testing.

Review your medical history. This includes your history of vaginal or sexually transmitted infections.

Perform pH testing.

Treatments

Trichomoniasis

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (vaginal atrophy)

Yeast infections

Bacterial vaginosis.

Noninfectious vaginitis

Metronidazole (Metrogel) gel

Clindamycin (Cleocin) cream

Metronidazole (Flagyl) tablets

Clotrimazole

butoconazole

Miconazole

tioconazole (Vagistat-1)

Metronidazole (Flagyl)

tinidazole (Tindamax)

Estrogen in the form of vaginal cream

Avoid source of irritation

Pathophysiology

Chemical irritation also can be a significant factor.

Atrophic vaginitis is associated with hypoestrogenism, and symptoms include dyspareunia, dryness, pruritus, and abnormal bleeding.

The overgrowth of normally present bacteria, infecting bacteria, or viruses can cause symptoms of vaginitis.