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crime and punishment - Coggle Diagram
crime and punishment
The nature of law enforcement and punishment
Anglo-Saxon Law Enforcement
Community Law Enforcement
There was no police in the Anglo-Saxon times so this made there was community law enforcement
today we still have elements form these Anglo-Saxon Law Enforcements for example neighborhood watch is based on the Anglo-Saxon community law enforcement
The Tithing
every englishman over the age of 12 was to be part of a tithing (a tithing was a group consisting of 10 men and within this group each member was responsible to track and capture any member in who broke the law)
if the tithing could not find or refused to find the guilty member who commited a crime the tithing member would be fined
Harsh Punishment
as the romans did before them the anglo-saxons had harsh punishments, which were believed and were used as deterrents for criminals to make them scared of committing crimes
the harsh punishments were used instead of having a police force
Shire Courts
by the year 1000 england was divided into shires, each shire having its own sheriff
(a local landlord or owner)
the 'shire courts' would be ran by the local landowner or landlord and they would decide if the accused was guilty or innocent
New Methods of Law introduces in
1000c-1500c
Travelling Judges
King Henry 2nd introduced travelling judges. they were sometimes known as 'circuit judges'
they would visit each town twice a year
travelling judges shared judgement with each other this meant that the same laws would apply all over the country
travelling judges help the king increase his control
Parish Constable
Royal Officials
initially 'sheriffs' were kept, but the king kept a much closer eye on them
king henry 2nd would send out written instructions to the sheriffs on how to enforce the law
in 1195, Richard 1st introduced the 'keepers of peace'. they were rich local men (knights) who were put in charge of the law in their local areas
trial by combat
posse comitatus
church courts
How did Anglo-Saxon Punishments Work
Capital Punishments
means death penalty
people thought it was the best way to reduce crimes
was used as a deterent for criminals
a 'gallows' apparatus was normally set up on top of a hill
criminals would be hung and there corpse would be left there
Corporal Punishments
means punishment to the body
did not have prisons
they had to use physical punishments
public whippings
mutilation
the stocks/the pillory
public beatings
Compensation Culture
if you injured/killed someone you would have to pay them or their family
botgeld fo death
wergeld for injuries
killing the king cost 12,000 shillings
killing a noble cost 1,200 shillings
killing a peasant cost 200 shillings
killing a welshman cost 60 shillings
influence of the church
systems of crime and punishments
the king
the forest law
the travelling judges
the parish constable
the keepers of the peace
the church
benefit of clergy
sanctuary
trail by ordeal
attitudes in society
the tithings
trial by combat
the wergeld and botgeld
the crime of poaching
how did the church influence crime and punishments
Church courts
the bishop would act as the judge
never gave out the death penalty
role was to carry out trials (and punishments if necessary)
was meant to decide if the citizen had broken any old or new laws