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ISOMERISM - Coggle Diagram
ISOMERISM
Structural isomerism
due to the difference in spatial arrangement without reference to space
Chain Isomerism The chain differs eventhough the formula and structural group is the same
Position isomerism
The position of the substitution varies
Functional Isomerism
Different functional groups are used.
Metamerism
Unequal distribution of the carbon atoms on either side of the functional group.
Tautomerism Proton transfer from one end of the chain to another.
Stereo-Isomerism
Different structural orientations with respect to space
Geometrical Isomerism
Different arrangements due to the restriction in rotation becuase of double bond.
Cis-Isomerism
Atoms arranged at the same side of the double bond.
Cis-2-pentene
Trans-Isomerism
Atoms are arranged at the different side of the double bond.
Trans-2-pentene
Optical Isomerism
An optically active compounds exists in two isomeric forms that rotate the plane polarized light in opposite directions CHiral carbon is a must for presence of optical isomerism
Dextrorotatry
Light moves on the right hand side clockwise
Both are mirror identical images of eaachother but are non-super imposable and not inter-convertable.
Laevorotatry
Light moves on the left hand side anticlockwise
