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Other Emergencies - Coggle Diagram
Other Emergencies
Epistaxis
Symptoms
Anterior: oozing blood, bright red
Posterior: profuse bleeding, dark red, gagging, coughing, vomiting
Prevention
Keep head elevated for 4 hrs, don't blow nose, avoid heavy lifting and bending, use humidifier, increase water intake
Causes
Digital manipulation, breaking of blood vessels, allergies, foreign bodies, trauma, anemia, arteriosclerosis
Treatment
Maintain open airway, suction blood from mouth if needed
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Apply direct pressure for 15-20 mins, have pt breathe through mouth, have basin available to spit blood/saliva, place ice pack over bridge of nose
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Acute Bleeding
S/S: Excessive bleeding via rate or flow, lasting more than 2 hrs, fever, hypotension, hematoma
Treatment:
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Extraoral
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If stable, pt can be transported by family/friend
If unstable, apply pressure bandage and transport via EMS for further treatment
May occur during a procedure, following extraction, or due to accident in the office
Broken Instrument Tips
Prevention
Maintain instrument integrity, sharpen, replace thin instruments, use ultrasonic when able to.
Treatment
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Isolate area, examine gingival sulcus for tip, remove with curette, or take radiograph of area if tip cannot be located.
Pt supine, instruct pt to not move or swallow
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Symptoms
Tip will be missing from the end of the instrument upon removal from pt's mouth. Pt may feel something lodged between teeth or tissues.