Hyperthyroidism 
Definition
Is a metabolic disorder characterised in that the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone
causes
Hyperthyroidism results from increased production of hormones from the thyroid gland.
Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disease
Excessive intake of iodine through diet, dietary supplements or medications
Tumor or infection of the thyroid gland
Certain tumors of the ovaries, testes, or pituitary gland
Chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes
Clinical manifestation
Prominent eyes
Swollen thyroid gland
Increased metabolic rate, a condition termed as hyper metabolic state
Irregular or rapid heartbeat
Increased blood pressure
Shaking hands
Pathophysiology
Hypersecretion of the thyroid hormone cause hyperthyroidism
Secretion of the thyroid hormone is by negative feedback control
The thyroid stimulating is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, and this stimulate thyroid gland to secrete T3 and T4
When there is sufficient thyroid hormone in the circulation, the secretion of TSH is decreased
This leads to hyperthyroidsm
Pharmacological management
Antithyroid medication: To stop hormone production.
Beta blockers: To control rapid heartbeat, sweating, and pulse.
Thyroidectomy:
Nursing care plan
Monitor BP lying, sitting, and standing, if able. Note widened pulse pressure.
Monitor central venous pressure (CVP), if available.
Assess pulse and heart rate while patient is sleeping.
Auscultate heart sounds, note extra heart sounds, development of gallops and systolic murmurs.
References
Cooper DS, Biondi B. Subclinical thyroid disease. Lancet. 2012;379:1142–54. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]