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Prevention of psycho-social problems at home, hospital, community or…
Prevention of psycho-social problems at home, hospital, community or society
Advantages
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Early mobilization
Early mobilization is initiated to prevent physical deterioration due to decreased activity during illness and hospitalization
Discharge planning
Before discharge health education and follow up visits are given to ensure that appropriate care continues
Transition of care
In hospital patients are transferred to other facilities to ensure that all the patient is cared for holistically
Disadvantages
Bed rest effects
Prolonged bed rest can occur during hospitalization and can cause deconditioning resulting in decrease in muscle strength, bone loss, increased risk of developing deep vein thrombosis
Under nutrition
Under nutrition can be caused by prolonged hospitalization which exacerbates pre-existing problems and often results in significant nutritional loss
Mental state changes
Elderly patients may appear confused because they have dementia, delirium or depression or confused may be exacerbates in the hospital setting because of acute illness and age related changes in cognition
Adverse drug effects
During hospitalization adverse drug are higher in the elderly patient because of age related changes in pharmakinetics and pharmadynamics
Falls
The use of sedatives and certain anti hypertensive increase the risk of falls. Although bed rails may help remind the elderly patient to call for assistance before attempting to get up, bed rails may also tempt patients to climb over or around them and thus contributes to patients falls
Incontinence
Urinary and faecal incontinence develops in most hospitalised patients because of unfamiliar environment, psychoactive drugs, a bed that is too high and impaired ambulation
Pressure ulcers
They often develop in elderly hospitalized patients because of age related changes in the skin, they can also develop because of poor nutrition and chronic disorders, direct pressure can also cause pressure ulcers