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Musculoskeletal inflammation - Coggle Diagram
Musculoskeletal inflammation
Pathophysiology: Acute inflammation is characterized by vasodilatation, fluid exudation and neutrophil infiltration. These processes are activated and amplified by a series of intracellular and extracellular factors that tightly co-ordinate the inflammatory process. The innate immune system responds rapidly to infection or injury.
Nursing care plan
Limit the movement of the affected body part
Teach patient abaut dangers of smoking in relation to inflammation
Apply heat or cold therapy
Administer diuretics
Elevate the affected limb
Causes
untreated causes of acute inflammation, like an infection or injury.
an autoimmune disorder, which involves your immune system mistakenly attacking healthy tissue.
long-term exposure to irritants, like industrial chemicals or polluted air.
Definition: a localized physical condition in which muscles becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection.
Diagnostics
Pitting the site with a finger
The ESR test is sometimes called a sedimentation rate test. This test indirectly measures inflammation by measuring the rate at which red blood cells sink in a tube of blood.
Clinical manifestations
Fever.
Chills.
Fatigue/loss of energy.
Headaches.
Loss of appetite.
Muscle stiffness.
Health education
Quit smoking.
Limit how much alcohol you drink.
Keep a healthy weight.
Manage stress.
Get regular physical activity.
Try supplements such as omega-3
References:
García, L.F., 2020. Immune response, inflammation, and the clinical spectrum of COVID-19. Frontiers in immunology, 11, p.1441.
Nathan, C. and Ding, A., 2010. Nonresolving inflammation. Cell, 140(6), pp.871-882.
Management
aspirin administration
ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Midol) administration
naproxen (Aleve) administration
Eat antiinflamatory foods like berries and cherries
fatty fish, salmon or mackerel
broccoli