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Acute Renal - Coggle Diagram
Acute Renal
Predicting AKI
AKI markers:1. Neutrophil gelatinase associated liopocalin(NGAL)>Inflammatory marker in the urine>protein secreted by tubular epithelial cells that sequestrates iron(Fe NB=bacterial growth)
PCT-Pre cursor of calcitonin, produced within 4-12 hrs. of systemic bacteremia>guides antibiotic use(>80% sensitivity & specificity
Sepsis markers-CRP , White cell count, & pro-calcitonin(PCT)
Features
Polyuric
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↑ loss of H20 & Electrolytes>>leading to hypokalaemia,dehydration, hyponatraemia
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Oliguric
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↑ anion metabolic acidosis>unable to excrete metabolic anions/acids generated from metabolism(phosphoric acid from DNA/RNA and sulphuric acid from sulphur containing amino acids in the diet.
Pathiphysiology of AKI
Cellular level: Loss of epithelial cells due to ischemia/toxicity>Loss of polarity>cell death>recovery>differentiation & migration>proliferation>reestablishment of polarity
Vasoconstriction>desquamation of tubular cells>intraluminal obstruction>inflammatory mediators produced>inflammation,obstruction ischaemia
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Early diagnosis markers-NGAL,,microalbumin,Cystain C,IL-18
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