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Chronic Renal - Coggle Diagram
Chronic Renal
GFR measure-Creat
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Requirements of clearance>stable [plasma] in the ECF, freely filtered in glomerulus , not reabsorbed/secreted by tubules
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Limitation: Serum creatinine levels depend on muscle mass>unstable creatinine levels,↑ creatine/creatine intake(vegan, creat supplements, ↑ protein intake), use the equations in healthy pts. not hospitalised
Biochem
Urine=↓ things it should>1.↓of compensatory mechanisms=chronic AG Met. acidosis, 2.↓of DT regulation of acid & K+=Hyperkalaemia & acidosis , 3.↓of PT Excretory function=hyperphosphataemia
Urine=things it should not-↑ Na+ & H2O, Polyuria(nocturia), dehydration, deterioration of function= Pt. unable to secrete H2O/Salt overload-overhydration/hypernatremia , Hyperglycaemia=osmotic diuresis
Loss of endocrine functions=Erythropoietin=anaemia ,hypocalcaemia and renal osteodystrophy
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Characteristics
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Common causes: Glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, Hypertensive renal disease
Irreversible ,permanent loss of nephrons=small , sclerotic kidneys. Remaining nephrons=intact , new steady state
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Kidney functions: Volume homoeostasis, pH balance , excretes waste(urea, creatinine, Phos,K+, buffered acid), endocrine(Vit D &EPO)