Gases filtration/separation in metallic membranes

Application

What is it?

Gas separation of emissions in CO2 or H2

Potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Mostly used membranes in the process: Palladium

How it works

Separation due to diffusion mechanism

How does it work?

H2 molecules adsorption from the membrane side at higher H2 partial pressure

Dissociation of H2 molecules on the surface

Reversible dissociative chemisorption of atomic H2

Reversible dissolution of atomic H2 in the metal lattice of the membrane

Diffusion into the metal of atomic H2 proceeds from the side of the membrane at a higher H2 pressure to the side at lower pressure

Desorption of recombined atomic H2 into molecular form

Due to higher permeability of hydrogen

Membrane alternatives: dense membranes, such as Ni, Ta, Va, Zr, Pd, Ag

Axiom selects polymide membrane

this depends of the customer requierements

certain membranes can be operated at temperatures as high as 100°C

Techniques

Chemical vapour deposition

Thermal sintering

Electroplating

Template-direct synthesis

Casting

De-alloying

Electro-spinning

Wet casting/coating

Ink-jet printing

Electrical sintering

Gas mixtures can be effectively separated by synthetic membranes made from polymers such as polyamide or cellulose acetate, or from ceramic materials.

Electroless deposition

Block co-polymer

they act as a permeable barrier through which different compounds move across at different rates or not move at all.

The membranes can be nanoporous, polymer, etc. and the gas molecules penetrate according to their size, diffusivity, or solubility.

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many emerging membrane applications involve the separation and/or the filtration of higher strength contaminant loads or abrasive particles in waste concentrate streams or slurries, or processing of gas and vapours, and require porous or dense membranes with robust mechanical properties, and high thermal and chemical stability.

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References

Sotiris, P., Grigoris, T., Dimitris, E.. (2018). Chapter 12 - Membrane Technology in IGCC Processes for Precombustion CO2 Capture. Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes, Elsevier, Pages 329-357, ISBN 9780128136454, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813645-4.00012-X.

Colin A. Scholes, Kathryn H. Smith, Sandra E. Kentish, Geoff W. Stevens. (s.f.). CO2 capture from Pre-combustion Processes - Strategies for membrane gas. Greenhouse Gas Technologies (CO2CRC) Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville,VIC, 3010, Australia. Retrieved from https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/bitstream/handle/11343/129836/H2_Mem_Review_Paper_reviewed_final.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Zhu, B., Duke, M., Dumée, L., Merenda, A., Ligneris, E., Kong, L., Hodgson, P., and Gray, S. (2018). Short Review on Porous Metal Membranes—Fabrication, Commercial Products, and Applications. Membranes (Basel). 8(3): 83.
doi: 10.3390/membranes8030083

Axiom. (2021). GAS SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY. Retrieved from https://www.axiom.at/gas-separation-technology/

Schürmann, A., Haas, R., Murat, M., Kuritz, N., Balaish, M., Ein-Eli, Y., Janek, J., Natan, A., and Schröder, D. (2018). ECS.
Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Volume 165, Number 13. Electrochem. Soc. 165 A3095

Science Direct. (s.f.). Dense Metallic Membrane. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/dense-metallic-membrane