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Ancient Civilizations
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Ancient China
Page 40 Architecture/Technology: On page 40 it states, The landscape of imperial China was dotted with walled towns and cities. these enclosed urban communities were centers of government and the power of the authorities was reinforced by town planning." secondly it states, Towns and cities were traditionally built on a grid system and divided into sections called wards. Lastly it states, Each ward was surrounded by walls with gates that were locked every evening. (Cotterell)
Page 56 Art: On page 56 it states, "China has always been renowned for its exquisite arts and crafts. In imperial China, luxury goods formed the major export commodities Chinese bronze jade silk lacquer and porcelain were prized in Asia and Europe. Secondly it states, Although the manufacture of decorative objects involved sophisticated techniques, many were mass-produced." Lastly in the book it states, From the Shang dynasty onward, Chinese rulers controlled the supply of raw materials and ran government factories manned by skilled artisans who applied their crafts to different stages of the manufacturing process. (Cotterell)
Writing: On page 11, it said oracle bones are used to consult ancestors about important matters by the Shang KIngs. To make an oracle bone the would use an ox bone or tortoiseshell. They would burn the bone and the cracks were deciphered as the answered to their questions. (Cotterell)
Page 58 Trade/Commerce: On Page 58 it states, "Trade flourished under the mongol or yuan dynasty." Secondly on page 58 it states, The mongol emperors ruled China from 1279 to 1268 and permitted merchants to trade freely throughout their vast empire. Lastly in the book it states, They controlled the entire length of the Silk Road, a series of trade routes that ran from northern China across Asia." (Cotterell)
Location: On page 6 it says "Ancient China remained untouched by outside influences because it was a world apart. In the text it also states "Vast deserts and mountain ranges cut off China from other cultures in India, West Africa, and Europe, and many hundreds of years passed before the Chinese realized in 126 B.C. that other civilizations existed." Lastly, In the texts it states "China's social structure played a key role in maintaining its national stability." (Cotterell)
Religion: On page 12 it says "Confucius believed that the early years of the Zhou dynasty (1027 - 256 B.C.) were golden years of social harmony" In the text it also states, "In his own lifetime Confucius saw only growing disorder. The king's authority was greatly reduced as ambitious lords fought each other for power." Lastly in the text it states, "This increasing turmoil led Confucius to develop a new moral outlook. It was based on kindness, respect, and the strength of the family." (Cotterell)
Government: In the text it states, "In 221 BC The Chinese Empire was formed. The Qin soldiers defeated the last of their enemies and united the "warring states" under one leader, Zheng." Secondly in the text it states, Tow show his supremacy over the kings he had vanquished, Zheng took the title First Sovereign Qin Emperor, or Qin Shi Huangdi." lastly in the text it states, "The empire took its name from the Qin to become China. The first emperor seems to have thought he would become immortal. He built and impressive tomb guarded by thousands of life-size terracotta warriors, probably in the belief that he would remain a powerful man in the afterlife. (Cotterell)
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