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Sulphuric Acid - Contact Process - Coggle Diagram
Sulphuric Acid - Contact Process
sulfur dioxide and oxygen are passed over a hot catalyst (V2O5). They unite to form sulfur trioxide, which combines with water to produce sulfuric acid.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(l)
Production of sulfur dioxide from sulfur
Sulfur is melted and then combusted in O2 to form SO2.
Purification of SO2 The removal of dual particles like the oxides of iron and arsenic in this step.
Catalytic oxidation of SO2 to SO3 is done at 450 °C
Conversion of SO3 to Oleum
Dilution of H2S2O7 to H2SO4
Dusting Tower
The mixture of SO2 and air are the impurities that comprise pyrite dust and arsenious oxide. These dust particles may affect the catalyst’s efficiency, so we pass them through the dusting tower. This tower contains electric charges that attract the solid particles, which are later moved.
Scrubbing Tower
The dusting tower cleaned the gas from the surface. However, to remove the remaining dust, it is fed into the water scrubber, where it frees from the dust particles completely.
Step 3: Drying tower
The cleaned wet gas is dried with a spray of concentrated sulfuric acid in the drying tower.
Arsenic Purifier
At this stage, the gas is led into the arsenic purifier, which cleans all the traces of the arsenic oxide present in the gaseous mixture.
Dilution Tank
Sulfuric acid is soluble in water in all proportions and dilution of pyrosulfuric acid (Oleum) is done by the addition of sulfuric acid to water.
H2S2O7 +H2O → 2H2SO4
So, we obtain the H2SO4 with the desired concentration.
Applications of Sulfuric Acid
The manufacturing of sulfuric acid is done for the production of fertilizers like superphosphate of lime and ammonium sulfate.
Let's look at the major applications of sulfuric acid:
Preparation of fertilizers ((NH)2SO4)
Gasoline
Automobile batteries
Pharmaceuticals
Paper, and sugar bleaching
Water treatment
Sulfonation agents
Cellulose fibers
Steel manufacturing
Coloring agents
Amino and intermediates
Regeneration and ion-exchange resins