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Social institution - Coggle Diagram
Social institution
Family
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Family is linked to economic, political, cultural and educational sphers.
Functionalist view
The family performs important tasks which contribute to society's basic needs and help perpetuates social order
It argues that in modern industrial societies if women look after the family and men earn the family livelihood, family functions best.
The nuclear family seen as the unit best equipped to handle the demands of industrial society by the functionalist
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Conflict view
Opposes the functionalist view as it is gender unjust and empirical studies across cultures and history shows that it is untrue
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Family forms
A central debate in India has been about the shift from nuclear family to joint families. Sociologists A.M Shah marks that in post independent India the joint family has steadily increased. According to him, one of the more important contributing factors increasing life expectancy in India. He also mentions how the proportion of aged people in the total population has increased and remarks that the elderly people mostly live-in joint households
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The family the household its structure and norms are closely linked to the rest of society. a prominent example can include the unintended consequences of the German unification. During the post-unification in 1990s Germany witnessed a rapid decline in marriage because the new German state with drew all the protection and welfare schemes which were provided to families prior to unification. Thus, family and kinship a subject to change and transformation due to macroeconomic processes.
Family of birth is called the family of orientation, Family through in which a person in married to is called family of procreation
Marriage
Forms of marriage
Monogamy- Restricts the individual to one spouse at a time. In many societies, individuals are permitted to marry again, either due to the death of the spouse or a divorce. In this case, such monogamous marriage is termed as serial monogamy.
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Rules of marriage
Endogamy- Endogamy requires an individual to marry within a culturally defined group of which he or se is already a member as for example, caste
Exogamy- the reverse of endogamy requires the individual to marry outside of his/her group. eg. Village exogamy
Marriage can be defined as a socially acknowledged and approved sexual union between two adult individuals
Kinship
Kinship ties are connections between individuals, established either through marriage or through the lines of descent that connect blood relatives.
The kin who are related through blood are called consanguinal kin while the kin who are related through marriage are called affines.