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syringomyelia - Coggle Diagram
syringomyelia
gate cycle abnormalities
Anterior trunk bending
insufficient push of
posterior trunk bending
swing out gait
Trendelenburg
Vaulting
hip hiking
steppage gate
Antalgic gait
Ataxic
shuffling gate
spastic gate
more symptoms might be shown
signs and symptoms of syringomyelia
suspecting syringomyelia so we investigate
pain
progressive weakness in the arms and legs
stiffness in the back, shoulders, neck, arms, or legs
headaches
loss of sensitivity to pain or hot and cold, especially in the hands
numbness or tingling
imbalance
loss of bowel and bladder control
problems with sexual function
curvature of the spine (scoliosis) that may be the only symptom in children
management of syringomyelia
thus returning the structure and function back to normal
surgery
posterior cranial fossa decompression
shunts
percutaneous aspiration
Terminal ventriculostomy
neuroendoscopic surgery
treat the underlying cause
monitoring
types of syringomyelia
might present with
acquired
trauma
tumor
infection
idiopathic
congenital
anatomy of the spinal cord tracts
Ascending sensory tracts
dorsal spinocerebellar tract
unconscious proprioception
periphery
nucleus dorsalis----cerebellum
xxxx
xxxx
ventral spinocerebellar tract
unconscious proprioception
periphery
nucleus dorsalis----cerebellum
xxxx
spinal cord
dorsal column
conscious proprioception, vibration, and fine touch
periphery
Gracile/ cuneate nucleus
thalamus----cortex
3rd neuron
medulla
decussation (2nd neuron)
2nd neuron
1st neuron
senses
lateral spinothalamic tract
pain and temperature
periphery
substantia gelatinosa
thalamus----cortex
spinal cord
anterior spinothalamic tract
crude touch and pressure
periphery
nucleus proprius
thalamus----cortex
spinal cord
Descending motor tracts
Extrapyramidal tracts
originate in the brain stem
responsible for involuntary muscle movement
reticulospinal tracts
Rubrospinal tract
vestibulospinal tracts
Tectospinal tract
Pyramidal tracts
originate in the cortex
responsible for voluntary muscle movement
Anterior / lateral corticospinal tracts
supply the musculature of the body
Terminates in the spinal cord
corticobulbar tracts
supply the musculature of the head and neck
terminates in the brainstem
structures determines what functions take place
neurological examination
of the upper limb
introduction
motor, tone, reflexes assessment
sensory assessment
coordination assessment
of the lower limb
introduction
motor, tone, reflexes assessment
sensory assessment
coordination assessment
abnormalities in the lower limb might result in
diagnosis of syringomyelia
to identify the cause
MRI
T1
T2
physiology of pain and temperature
we perform physical examination to find if there is an abnormality
in the lateral spinothalamic tract
the pathway of pain perception
transmission
central processing
transduction
modulation
the reflex arc
consist of
afferent nerve fibers
type Ia fibers and type II fibers
integrating center
the spinal cord in spinal reflexes
somatosensory receptors
muscle spindles
Golgi tendon organ
efferent nerve fibers
axons of alpha motor neurons
effector organ
mostly muscles
and
physiology of the motor unit
action potential from the cerebral cortex through upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons to reach the skeletal muscles
neuromuscular junction
presynaptic membrane
membrane of axon terminal
depolarization and muscle contraction
synaptic cleft
neurotransmitter: Ach in a vesicle
voltage gated calcium channel
postsynaptic membrane
membrane of skeletal muscle fiber
nicotinic receptor
and
Chiari malformations
to give the proper management
part of the cerebellum (tonsils) bulges through the foramen magnum into the spinal canal
Chiari 2
Chiari 3
Chiari 1
associated with syringomyelia
Chiari 4